Probing departures from $Λ$CDM by late-time datasets
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2025
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| author | Chaudhary, Himanshu Sharma, Vipin Kumar Capozziello, Salvatore Mustafa, G. |
| author_facet | Chaudhary, Himanshu Sharma, Vipin Kumar Capozziello, Salvatore Mustafa, G. |
| contents | Observational data play a pivotal role in identifying cosmological models that are both theoretically consistent and empirically viable. In this work, we investigate the level of preference for dynamical dark energy over a cosmological constant using current late-time observational datasets, including Cosmic Chronometers , Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from DESI DR2, and different Type Ia supernova catalogs (Pantheon$^+$, DES-Dovekie, Union3). We analyze various dynamical dark energy models, including $ω$CDM, o$ω$CDM, $ω_0ω_a$CDM, Logarithmic, Exponential, JBP, BA, and GEDE. In most cases, the o$Λ$CDM and o$ω$CDM models favor an open Universe. For the o$ω$CDM, the inclusion of DES-Dovekie or Union3 data together with CC and DESI DR2 favors a nearly flat geometry. Using the CC + DESI DR2 dataset, the preference for dynamical dark energy lies between the $1$-$2σ$ level. When different supernova catalogs (DES-Dovekie or Union3) are included, the deviation from $Λ$CDM in the $ω$CDM, $ω_0ω_a$CDM, Logarithmic, JBP, BA, and GEDE models increases to the $2$-$2.74σ$ level, while the Pantheon$^{+}$ sample yields deviations below the $2σ$ level. We find consistent evidence for $ω_0 > -1$ and $ω_a < 0$ across all dark energy models, indicating a preference for dynamical dark energy characterized by a Quintom-B type scenario. The $Λ$CDM paradigm has long served as the standard framework of modern cosmology; however recent DESI DR2 results have exposed emerging tensions with the cosmological constant $Λ$, hinting at possible new physics in the dark energy sector. Even so, the currently available data are still not strong enough to definitively rule out the $Λ$CDM model. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_08339 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Probing departures from $Λ$CDM by late-time datasets Chaudhary, Himanshu Sharma, Vipin Kumar Capozziello, Salvatore Mustafa, G. Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Theory Observational data play a pivotal role in identifying cosmological models that are both theoretically consistent and empirically viable. In this work, we investigate the level of preference for dynamical dark energy over a cosmological constant using current late-time observational datasets, including Cosmic Chronometers , Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from DESI DR2, and different Type Ia supernova catalogs (Pantheon$^+$, DES-Dovekie, Union3). We analyze various dynamical dark energy models, including $ω$CDM, o$ω$CDM, $ω_0ω_a$CDM, Logarithmic, Exponential, JBP, BA, and GEDE. In most cases, the o$Λ$CDM and o$ω$CDM models favor an open Universe. For the o$ω$CDM, the inclusion of DES-Dovekie or Union3 data together with CC and DESI DR2 favors a nearly flat geometry. Using the CC + DESI DR2 dataset, the preference for dynamical dark energy lies between the $1$-$2σ$ level. When different supernova catalogs (DES-Dovekie or Union3) are included, the deviation from $Λ$CDM in the $ω$CDM, $ω_0ω_a$CDM, Logarithmic, JBP, BA, and GEDE models increases to the $2$-$2.74σ$ level, while the Pantheon$^{+}$ sample yields deviations below the $2σ$ level. We find consistent evidence for $ω_0 > -1$ and $ω_a < 0$ across all dark energy models, indicating a preference for dynamical dark energy characterized by a Quintom-B type scenario. The $Λ$CDM paradigm has long served as the standard framework of modern cosmology; however recent DESI DR2 results have exposed emerging tensions with the cosmological constant $Λ$, hinting at possible new physics in the dark energy sector. Even so, the currently available data are still not strong enough to definitively rule out the $Λ$CDM model. |
| title | Probing departures from $Λ$CDM by late-time datasets |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08339 |