Non-Clifford Gates are Required for Long-Term Memory

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Nelson, Jon, Rajakumar, Joel, Gullans, Michael J.
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
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author Nelson, Jon
Rajakumar, Joel
Gullans, Michael J.
author_facet Nelson, Jon
Rajakumar, Joel
Gullans, Michael J.
contents We show that all Clifford circuits under interspersed depolarizing noise lose memory of their input exponentially quickly, even when given access to a constant supply of fresh qubits in arbitrary states. This is somewhat surprising given the result of Aharonov et al. [STOC1997] which gives a fault-tolerant protocol for general quantum circuits using a supply of fresh qubits. Our result shows that such a protocol is impossible using only Clifford gates demonstrating that non-Clifford gates are fundamentally required to store information for long periods of time.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_08451
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Non-Clifford Gates are Required for Long-Term Memory
Nelson, Jon
Rajakumar, Joel
Gullans, Michael J.
Quantum Physics
We show that all Clifford circuits under interspersed depolarizing noise lose memory of their input exponentially quickly, even when given access to a constant supply of fresh qubits in arbitrary states. This is somewhat surprising given the result of Aharonov et al. [STOC1997] which gives a fault-tolerant protocol for general quantum circuits using a supply of fresh qubits. Our result shows that such a protocol is impossible using only Clifford gates demonstrating that non-Clifford gates are fundamentally required to store information for long periods of time.
title Non-Clifford Gates are Required for Long-Term Memory
topic Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08451