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Main Authors: Zheng, Zhang, Ye, Deheng, Zhao, Peilin, Wang, Hao
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09087
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author Zheng, Zhang
Ye, Deheng
Zhao, Peilin
Wang, Hao
author_facet Zheng, Zhang
Ye, Deheng
Zhao, Peilin
Wang, Hao
contents Large language model (LLM) agents have shown remarkable progress in social deduction games (SDGs). However, existing approaches primarily focus on information processing and strategy selection, overlooking the significance of persuasive communication in influencing other players' beliefs and responses. In SDGs, success depends not only on making correct deductions but on convincing others to response in alignment with one's intent. To address this limitation, we formalize turn-based dialogue in SDGs as a Stackelberg competition, where the current player acts as the leader who strategically influences the follower's response. Building on this theoretical foundation, we propose a reinforcement learning framework that trains agents to optimize utterances for persuasive impact. Through comprehensive experiments across three diverse SDGs, we demonstrate that our agents significantly outperform baselines. This work represents a significant step toward developing AI agents capable of strategic social influence, with implications extending to scenarios requiring persuasive communication. Our code and data are available at https://3dagentworld.github.io/leader_follower.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_09087
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The Stackelberg Speaker: Optimizing Persuasive Communication in Social Deduction Games
Zheng, Zhang
Ye, Deheng
Zhao, Peilin
Wang, Hao
Artificial Intelligence
Large language model (LLM) agents have shown remarkable progress in social deduction games (SDGs). However, existing approaches primarily focus on information processing and strategy selection, overlooking the significance of persuasive communication in influencing other players' beliefs and responses. In SDGs, success depends not only on making correct deductions but on convincing others to response in alignment with one's intent. To address this limitation, we formalize turn-based dialogue in SDGs as a Stackelberg competition, where the current player acts as the leader who strategically influences the follower's response. Building on this theoretical foundation, we propose a reinforcement learning framework that trains agents to optimize utterances for persuasive impact. Through comprehensive experiments across three diverse SDGs, we demonstrate that our agents significantly outperform baselines. This work represents a significant step toward developing AI agents capable of strategic social influence, with implications extending to scenarios requiring persuasive communication. Our code and data are available at https://3dagentworld.github.io/leader_follower.
title The Stackelberg Speaker: Optimizing Persuasive Communication in Social Deduction Games
topic Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09087