Mapping the moiré potential in multi-layer rhombohedral graphene
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866908586398973952 |
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| author | Seewald, Eric Ghosh, Sanat Verma, Nishchhal Cenker, John Dong, Yinan Yang, Birui Basu, Amit Taniguchi, Takashi Watanabe, Kenji Deshmukh, Mandar M. Basov, Dmitri N. Queiroz, Raquel Dean, Cory Pasupathy, Abhay N. |
| author_facet | Seewald, Eric Ghosh, Sanat Verma, Nishchhal Cenker, John Dong, Yinan Yang, Birui Basu, Amit Taniguchi, Takashi Watanabe, Kenji Deshmukh, Mandar M. Basov, Dmitri N. Queiroz, Raquel Dean, Cory Pasupathy, Abhay N. |
| contents | Rhombohedral graphene (rG) aligned with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been shown to host flat bands that stabilize various strongly correlated quantum phases, including Mott insulators, integer, and fractional quantum anomalous Hall phases. In this work, we use scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) to visualize the dispersion of flat bands with doping and applied displacement fields in a hBN-aligned rhombohedral trilayer graphene (rtG)/hBN moiré superlattice. In addition to the intrinsic flat bands of rtG induced by the displacement field, we observe low-energy features originating from moiré potential-induced band folding. Real-space variations of the spectroscopic features allow us to quantify the spatial structure of the moiré potential at the rtG/hBN interface. Importantly, we find that accurately capturing the moiré site-dependent spectra requires incorporating a moiré potential acting on the top graphene layer with a sign opposite to that of the bottom layer into the continuum model. Our results thus provide key experimental and theoretical insights into understanding the role of the moire superlattice in rG/hBN heterostructures. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_09548 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Mapping the moiré potential in multi-layer rhombohedral graphene Seewald, Eric Ghosh, Sanat Verma, Nishchhal Cenker, John Dong, Yinan Yang, Birui Basu, Amit Taniguchi, Takashi Watanabe, Kenji Deshmukh, Mandar M. Basov, Dmitri N. Queiroz, Raquel Dean, Cory Pasupathy, Abhay N. Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science Rhombohedral graphene (rG) aligned with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been shown to host flat bands that stabilize various strongly correlated quantum phases, including Mott insulators, integer, and fractional quantum anomalous Hall phases. In this work, we use scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) to visualize the dispersion of flat bands with doping and applied displacement fields in a hBN-aligned rhombohedral trilayer graphene (rtG)/hBN moiré superlattice. In addition to the intrinsic flat bands of rtG induced by the displacement field, we observe low-energy features originating from moiré potential-induced band folding. Real-space variations of the spectroscopic features allow us to quantify the spatial structure of the moiré potential at the rtG/hBN interface. Importantly, we find that accurately capturing the moiré site-dependent spectra requires incorporating a moiré potential acting on the top graphene layer with a sign opposite to that of the bottom layer into the continuum model. Our results thus provide key experimental and theoretical insights into understanding the role of the moire superlattice in rG/hBN heterostructures. |
| title | Mapping the moiré potential in multi-layer rhombohedral graphene |
| topic | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09548 |