Post-Quantum Cryptography and Quantum-Safe Security: A Comprehensive Survey

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Chhetri, Gaurab, Somvanshi, Shriyank, Hebli, Pavan, Brotee, Shamyo, Das, Subasish
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Chhetri, Gaurab
Somvanshi, Shriyank
Hebli, Pavan
Brotee, Shamyo
Das, Subasish
author_facet Chhetri, Gaurab
Somvanshi, Shriyank
Hebli, Pavan
Brotee, Shamyo
Das, Subasish
contents Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is moving from evaluation to deployment as NIST finalizes standards for ML-KEM, ML-DSA, and SLH-DSA. This survey maps the space from foundations to practice. We first develop a taxonomy across lattice-, code-, hash-, multivariate-, isogeny-, and MPC-in-the-Head families, summarizing security assumptions, cryptanalysis, and standardization status. We then compare performance and communication costs using representative, implementation-grounded measurements, and review hardware acceleration (AVX2, FPGA/ASIC) and implementation security with a focus on side-channel resistance. Building upward, we examine protocol integration (TLS, DNSSEC), PKI and certificate hygiene, and deployment in constrained and high-assurance environments (IoT, cloud, finance, blockchain). We also discuss complementarity with quantum technologies (QKD, QRNGs) and the limits of near-term quantum computing. Throughout, we emphasize crypto-agility, hybrid migration, and evidence-based guidance for operators. We conclude with open problems spanning parameter agility, leakage-resilient implementations, and domain-specific rollout playbooks. This survey aims to be a practical reference for researchers and practitioners planning quantum-safe systems, bridging standards, engineering, and operations.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_10436
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Post-Quantum Cryptography and Quantum-Safe Security: A Comprehensive Survey
Chhetri, Gaurab
Somvanshi, Shriyank
Hebli, Pavan
Brotee, Shamyo
Das, Subasish
Cryptography and Security
Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is moving from evaluation to deployment as NIST finalizes standards for ML-KEM, ML-DSA, and SLH-DSA. This survey maps the space from foundations to practice. We first develop a taxonomy across lattice-, code-, hash-, multivariate-, isogeny-, and MPC-in-the-Head families, summarizing security assumptions, cryptanalysis, and standardization status. We then compare performance and communication costs using representative, implementation-grounded measurements, and review hardware acceleration (AVX2, FPGA/ASIC) and implementation security with a focus on side-channel resistance. Building upward, we examine protocol integration (TLS, DNSSEC), PKI and certificate hygiene, and deployment in constrained and high-assurance environments (IoT, cloud, finance, blockchain). We also discuss complementarity with quantum technologies (QKD, QRNGs) and the limits of near-term quantum computing. Throughout, we emphasize crypto-agility, hybrid migration, and evidence-based guidance for operators. We conclude with open problems spanning parameter agility, leakage-resilient implementations, and domain-specific rollout playbooks. This survey aims to be a practical reference for researchers and practitioners planning quantum-safe systems, bridging standards, engineering, and operations.
title Post-Quantum Cryptography and Quantum-Safe Security: A Comprehensive Survey
topic Cryptography and Security
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10436