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Autores principales: Shehmar, Dikshant, Taylor, Matthew E., Hashemi, Ehsan
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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Acceso en línea:https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10893
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author Shehmar, Dikshant
Taylor, Matthew E.
Hashemi, Ehsan
author_facet Shehmar, Dikshant
Taylor, Matthew E.
Hashemi, Ehsan
contents The transition of control from autonomous systems to human drivers is critical in automated driving systems, particularly due to the out-of-the-loop (OOTL) circumstances that reduce driver readiness and increase reaction times. Existing takeover strategies are based on fixed time-based transitions, which fail to account for real-time driver performance variations. This paper proposes an adaptive transition strategy that dynamically adjusts the control authority based on both the time and tracking ability of the driver trajectory. Shared control is modeled as a cooperative differential game, where control authority is modulated through time-varying objective functions instead of blending control torques directly. To ensure a more natural takeover, a driver-specific state-tracking matrix is introduced, allowing the transition to align with individual control preferences. Multiple transition strategies are evaluated using a cumulative trajectory error metric. Human-in-the-loop control scenarios of the standardized ISO lane change maneuvers demonstrate that adaptive transitions reduce trajectory deviations and driver control effort compared to conventional strategies. Experiments also confirm that continuously adjusting control authority based on real-time deviations enhances vehicle stability while reducing driver effort during takeover.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_10893
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle An Adaptive Transition Framework for Game-Theoretic Based Takeover
Shehmar, Dikshant
Taylor, Matthew E.
Hashemi, Ehsan
Robotics
The transition of control from autonomous systems to human drivers is critical in automated driving systems, particularly due to the out-of-the-loop (OOTL) circumstances that reduce driver readiness and increase reaction times. Existing takeover strategies are based on fixed time-based transitions, which fail to account for real-time driver performance variations. This paper proposes an adaptive transition strategy that dynamically adjusts the control authority based on both the time and tracking ability of the driver trajectory. Shared control is modeled as a cooperative differential game, where control authority is modulated through time-varying objective functions instead of blending control torques directly. To ensure a more natural takeover, a driver-specific state-tracking matrix is introduced, allowing the transition to align with individual control preferences. Multiple transition strategies are evaluated using a cumulative trajectory error metric. Human-in-the-loop control scenarios of the standardized ISO lane change maneuvers demonstrate that adaptive transitions reduce trajectory deviations and driver control effort compared to conventional strategies. Experiments also confirm that continuously adjusting control authority based on real-time deviations enhances vehicle stability while reducing driver effort during takeover.
title An Adaptive Transition Framework for Game-Theoretic Based Takeover
topic Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10893