The Magic Barrier before Thermalization

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ebner, Lukas, Müller, Berndt, Schäfer, Andreas, Schmotzer, Leonhard, Seidl, Clemens, Yao, Xiaojun
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866914090691067904
author Ebner, Lukas
Müller, Berndt
Schäfer, Andreas
Schmotzer, Leonhard
Seidl, Clemens
Yao, Xiaojun
author_facet Ebner, Lukas
Müller, Berndt
Schäfer, Andreas
Schmotzer, Leonhard
Seidl, Clemens
Yao, Xiaojun
contents We investigate the time dependence of anti-flatness in the entanglement spectrum, a measure for non-stabilizerness and lower bound for non-local quantum magic, on a subsystem of a linear SU(2) plaquette chain during thermalization. Tracing the time evolution of a large number of initial states, we find that the anti-flatness exhibits a barrier-like maximum during the time period when the entanglement entropy of the subsystem grows rapidly from the initial value to the microcanonical entropy. The location of the peak is strongly correlated with the time when the entanglement exhibits the strongest growth. This behavior is found for generic highly excited initial computational basis states and persists for coupling constants across the ergodic regime, revealing a universal structure of the entanglement spectrum during thermalization. We conclude that quantitative simulations of thermalization for nonabelian gauge theories require quantum computing. We speculate that this property generalizes to other quantum chaotic systems.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_11681
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The Magic Barrier before Thermalization
Ebner, Lukas
Müller, Berndt
Schäfer, Andreas
Schmotzer, Leonhard
Seidl, Clemens
Yao, Xiaojun
Quantum Physics
Statistical Mechanics
High Energy Physics - Lattice
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
High Energy Physics - Theory
We investigate the time dependence of anti-flatness in the entanglement spectrum, a measure for non-stabilizerness and lower bound for non-local quantum magic, on a subsystem of a linear SU(2) plaquette chain during thermalization. Tracing the time evolution of a large number of initial states, we find that the anti-flatness exhibits a barrier-like maximum during the time period when the entanglement entropy of the subsystem grows rapidly from the initial value to the microcanonical entropy. The location of the peak is strongly correlated with the time when the entanglement exhibits the strongest growth. This behavior is found for generic highly excited initial computational basis states and persists for coupling constants across the ergodic regime, revealing a universal structure of the entanglement spectrum during thermalization. We conclude that quantitative simulations of thermalization for nonabelian gauge theories require quantum computing. We speculate that this property generalizes to other quantum chaotic systems.
title The Magic Barrier before Thermalization
topic Quantum Physics
Statistical Mechanics
High Energy Physics - Lattice
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
High Energy Physics - Theory
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11681