Entanglement complexification transition driven by a single non-Hermitian impurity

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zhou, Yao, Ye, Peng
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866909852607971328
author Zhou, Yao
Ye, Peng
author_facet Zhou, Yao
Ye, Peng
contents While non-Hermitian bulk systems and their sensitivity to boundary conditions have been extensively studied, how a non-Hermitian boundary affects the entanglement structure of Hermitian critical systems remains largely unexplored. Here we present a fully analytical framework by exactly solving a Hermitian gapless chain with a single non-Hermitian impurity acting as a non-Hermitian boundary. When the entanglement cut is placed at the impurity, we uncover a sharp \emph{entanglement complexification transition}: the logarithmic entanglement entropy retains its scaling form, but the effective central charge evolves from real to complex values, accompanied by a spectral collapse of the correlation matrix. We demonstrate that the real regime follows analytic continuation from a unitary defect conformal field theory (CFT), whereas the complex regime lies entirely beyond this framework. For the latter, we derive an analytical formula in perfect agreement with numerics. Our results reveal that a single non-Hermitian impurity can drive a Hermitian critical system into a nonunitary defect-CFT phase, establishing a rare analytically solvable platform for boundary non-Hermiticity.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_15370
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Entanglement complexification transition driven by a single non-Hermitian impurity
Zhou, Yao
Ye, Peng
Quantum Physics
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Statistical Mechanics
Strongly Correlated Electrons
While non-Hermitian bulk systems and their sensitivity to boundary conditions have been extensively studied, how a non-Hermitian boundary affects the entanglement structure of Hermitian critical systems remains largely unexplored. Here we present a fully analytical framework by exactly solving a Hermitian gapless chain with a single non-Hermitian impurity acting as a non-Hermitian boundary. When the entanglement cut is placed at the impurity, we uncover a sharp \emph{entanglement complexification transition}: the logarithmic entanglement entropy retains its scaling form, but the effective central charge evolves from real to complex values, accompanied by a spectral collapse of the correlation matrix. We demonstrate that the real regime follows analytic continuation from a unitary defect conformal field theory (CFT), whereas the complex regime lies entirely beyond this framework. For the latter, we derive an analytical formula in perfect agreement with numerics. Our results reveal that a single non-Hermitian impurity can drive a Hermitian critical system into a nonunitary defect-CFT phase, establishing a rare analytically solvable platform for boundary non-Hermiticity.
title Entanglement complexification transition driven by a single non-Hermitian impurity
topic Quantum Physics
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Statistical Mechanics
Strongly Correlated Electrons
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.15370