The kinetic Sunyaev Zeldovich effect as a benchmark for AGN feedback models in hydrodynamical simulations: insights from DESI + ACT

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Main Authors: Bigwood, Leah, Yamamoto, Masaya, Siegel, Jared, Amon, Alexandra, McCarthy, Ian G., Dave, Romeel, Salcido, Jaime, Schaller, Matthieu, Schaye, Joop, Yang, Tianyi
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Bigwood, Leah
Yamamoto, Masaya
Siegel, Jared
Amon, Alexandra
McCarthy, Ian G.
Dave, Romeel
Salcido, Jaime
Schaller, Matthieu
Schaye, Joop
Yang, Tianyi
author_facet Bigwood, Leah
Yamamoto, Masaya
Siegel, Jared
Amon, Alexandra
McCarthy, Ian G.
Dave, Romeel
Salcido, Jaime
Schaller, Matthieu
Schaye, Joop
Yang, Tianyi
contents Baryonic feedback remains one of the largest uncertainties in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, with different prescriptions producing divergent predictions for the fraction of gas expelled from halos, the radial extent of the gas expulsion and the impact on large scale matter clustering. We present the first systematic study of the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect across a wide range of simulations (FLAMINGO, ANTILLES, BAHAMAS, SIMBA, FABLE and their variants), and compare them directly to DESI Year 1 + ACT kSZ measurements. We ensure a like-for-like comparison with observations by developing a robust methodology that accounts for the halo mass selection using galaxy-galaxy lensing, cosmic variance, miscentering and satellites, establishing the kSZ effect as a new benchmark for the simulations. We find that fiducial feedback models are disfavoured by >3 sigma, while simulations with more powerful AGN feedback within the FLAMINGO and BAHAMAS suites, as well as SIMBA, reproduce the observed kSZ signal within <2 sigma. We use the ANTILLES simulation suite to demonstrate that the amplitude of the kSZ effect is a strong predictor of matter power spectrum suppression, competitive with baryon fraction metrics. These results establish the kSZ as a critical probe for evaluating feedback physics and for advancing the fidelity of cosmological simulations.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_15822
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The kinetic Sunyaev Zeldovich effect as a benchmark for AGN feedback models in hydrodynamical simulations: insights from DESI + ACT
Bigwood, Leah
Yamamoto, Masaya
Siegel, Jared
Amon, Alexandra
McCarthy, Ian G.
Dave, Romeel
Salcido, Jaime
Schaller, Matthieu
Schaye, Joop
Yang, Tianyi
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Astrophysics of Galaxies
Baryonic feedback remains one of the largest uncertainties in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, with different prescriptions producing divergent predictions for the fraction of gas expelled from halos, the radial extent of the gas expulsion and the impact on large scale matter clustering. We present the first systematic study of the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect across a wide range of simulations (FLAMINGO, ANTILLES, BAHAMAS, SIMBA, FABLE and their variants), and compare them directly to DESI Year 1 + ACT kSZ measurements. We ensure a like-for-like comparison with observations by developing a robust methodology that accounts for the halo mass selection using galaxy-galaxy lensing, cosmic variance, miscentering and satellites, establishing the kSZ effect as a new benchmark for the simulations. We find that fiducial feedback models are disfavoured by >3 sigma, while simulations with more powerful AGN feedback within the FLAMINGO and BAHAMAS suites, as well as SIMBA, reproduce the observed kSZ signal within <2 sigma. We use the ANTILLES simulation suite to demonstrate that the amplitude of the kSZ effect is a strong predictor of matter power spectrum suppression, competitive with baryon fraction metrics. These results establish the kSZ as a critical probe for evaluating feedback physics and for advancing the fidelity of cosmological simulations.
title The kinetic Sunyaev Zeldovich effect as a benchmark for AGN feedback models in hydrodynamical simulations: insights from DESI + ACT
topic Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.15822