Flux-Conservative BDNK Hydrodynamics and Shock Regularization

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Clarisse, Nicolas, Pinho, Eduardo O., Patel, Teerthal, Bemfica, Fabio S., Hippert, Mauricio, Noronha, Jorge
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Clarisse, Nicolas
Pinho, Eduardo O.
Patel, Teerthal
Bemfica, Fabio S.
Hippert, Mauricio
Noronha, Jorge
author_facet Clarisse, Nicolas
Pinho, Eduardo O.
Patel, Teerthal
Bemfica, Fabio S.
Hippert, Mauricio
Noronha, Jorge
contents We present a new, first-order, flux-conservative formulation of relativistic viscous hydrodynamics in the BDNK framework, applicable to conformal and nonconformal fluids at zero chemical potential. Focusing on the conformal case in 1+1 dimensions, we numerically solve the equations of motion for two classes of consistent initial data and assess the robustness of the resulting solutions with respect to changing the hydrodynamic frame. Our flux-conservative formulation does not exhibit spurious oscillatory structures within the regime of validity of BDNK theory (the hydrodynamic-frame-robust regime), corresponding to sufficiently small Knudsen numbers. Using this flux-conservative approach, we numerically investigate the potential formation of shocks and their fate in BDNK in 1+1D using smooth initial data known to produce shocks in the relativistic Euler equations. For the type of initial data we consider, we show that the sharp features formed in Euler are prevented by the hyperbolic viscous BDNK equations. The prevention of shock formation we observe occurs in the frame-robust regime of BDNK. This, however, does not preclude the formation of shocks in BDNK for different smooth initial data. The reliability of our results is supported by systematic numerical convergence testing, which is used to assess shock indicators, simulation performance, and the robustness of solutions for different hydrodynamic frames.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_16603
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Flux-Conservative BDNK Hydrodynamics and Shock Regularization
Clarisse, Nicolas
Pinho, Eduardo O.
Patel, Teerthal
Bemfica, Fabio S.
Hippert, Mauricio
Noronha, Jorge
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Theory
Nuclear Theory
We present a new, first-order, flux-conservative formulation of relativistic viscous hydrodynamics in the BDNK framework, applicable to conformal and nonconformal fluids at zero chemical potential. Focusing on the conformal case in 1+1 dimensions, we numerically solve the equations of motion for two classes of consistent initial data and assess the robustness of the resulting solutions with respect to changing the hydrodynamic frame. Our flux-conservative formulation does not exhibit spurious oscillatory structures within the regime of validity of BDNK theory (the hydrodynamic-frame-robust regime), corresponding to sufficiently small Knudsen numbers. Using this flux-conservative approach, we numerically investigate the potential formation of shocks and their fate in BDNK in 1+1D using smooth initial data known to produce shocks in the relativistic Euler equations. For the type of initial data we consider, we show that the sharp features formed in Euler are prevented by the hyperbolic viscous BDNK equations. The prevention of shock formation we observe occurs in the frame-robust regime of BDNK. This, however, does not preclude the formation of shocks in BDNK for different smooth initial data. The reliability of our results is supported by systematic numerical convergence testing, which is used to assess shock indicators, simulation performance, and the robustness of solutions for different hydrodynamic frames.
title Flux-Conservative BDNK Hydrodynamics and Shock Regularization
topic General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Theory
Nuclear Theory
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.16603