A Unified Approach to Statistical Estimation Under Nonlinear Observations: Tensor Estimation and Matrix Factorization

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chen, Junren, Ding, Lijun, Xia, Dong, Yuan, Ming
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866915563267162112
author Chen, Junren
Ding, Lijun
Xia, Dong
Yuan, Ming
author_facet Chen, Junren
Ding, Lijun
Xia, Dong
Yuan, Ming
contents We consider the estimation of some parameter $\mathbf{x}$ living in a cone from the nonlinear observations of the form $\{y_i=f_i(\langle\mathbf{a}_i,\mathbf{x}\rangle)\}_{i=1}^m$. We develop a unified approach that first constructs a gradient from the data and then establishes the restricted approximate invertibility condition (RAIC), a condition that quantifies how well the gradient aligns with the ideal descent step. We show that RAIC yields linear convergence guarantees for the standard projected gradient descent algorithm, a Riemannian gradient descent algorithm for low Tucker-rank tensor estimation, and a factorized gradient descent algorithm for asymmetric low-rank matrix estimation. Under Gaussian designs, we establish sharp RAIC for the canonical statistical estimation problems of single index models, generalized linear models, noisy phase retrieval, and one-bit compressed sensing. Combining the convergence guarantees and the RAIC, we obtain a set of optimal statistical estimation results, including, to our knowledge, the first minimax-optimal and computationally efficient algorithms for tensor single index models, tensor logistic regression, (local) noisy tensor phase retrieval, and one-bit tensor sensing. Moreover, several other results are new or match the best known guarantees. We also provide simulations and a real-data experiment to illustrate the theoretical results.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_16965
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle A Unified Approach to Statistical Estimation Under Nonlinear Observations: Tensor Estimation and Matrix Factorization
Chen, Junren
Ding, Lijun
Xia, Dong
Yuan, Ming
Statistics Theory
Information Theory
Methodology
We consider the estimation of some parameter $\mathbf{x}$ living in a cone from the nonlinear observations of the form $\{y_i=f_i(\langle\mathbf{a}_i,\mathbf{x}\rangle)\}_{i=1}^m$. We develop a unified approach that first constructs a gradient from the data and then establishes the restricted approximate invertibility condition (RAIC), a condition that quantifies how well the gradient aligns with the ideal descent step. We show that RAIC yields linear convergence guarantees for the standard projected gradient descent algorithm, a Riemannian gradient descent algorithm for low Tucker-rank tensor estimation, and a factorized gradient descent algorithm for asymmetric low-rank matrix estimation. Under Gaussian designs, we establish sharp RAIC for the canonical statistical estimation problems of single index models, generalized linear models, noisy phase retrieval, and one-bit compressed sensing. Combining the convergence guarantees and the RAIC, we obtain a set of optimal statistical estimation results, including, to our knowledge, the first minimax-optimal and computationally efficient algorithms for tensor single index models, tensor logistic regression, (local) noisy tensor phase retrieval, and one-bit tensor sensing. Moreover, several other results are new or match the best known guarantees. We also provide simulations and a real-data experiment to illustrate the theoretical results.
title A Unified Approach to Statistical Estimation Under Nonlinear Observations: Tensor Estimation and Matrix Factorization
topic Statistics Theory
Information Theory
Methodology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.16965