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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online-Zugang: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.18306 |
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| _version_ | 1866908604438675456 |
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| author | Gao, Hongkun Li, Tianjun Wu, Lina Zhang, Wenxing |
| author_facet | Gao, Hongkun Li, Tianjun Wu, Lina Zhang, Wenxing |
| contents | We propose the generic high-quality axion models with anomalous $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry and vector-like particles. We briefly review the gauge anomaly cancellations via the Green-Schwarz mechanism, study the breaking of the $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry, as well as derive the Nambu-Goldstone boson, Peccei-Quinn (PQ) axion, and axion decay constant in general. The high-dimensional operators, which break the $U(1)_{PQ}$ global symmetry, have dimension eleven or higher due to the anomalous $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry, and thus the axion quality problem is solved. In particular, unlike the high-quality axion models with anomaly free $U(1)$ gauge symmetry, we only need to introduce two pairs of vector-like particles. To be concrete, we present three specific models with two pairs of vector-like particles. We show that gauge anomalies in all three models can be canceled via the Green-Schwarz mechanism. To achieve gauge coupling unification, we need to introduce additional vector-like particles only in Model I. We find that gauge coupling unification is achieved at the unification scale around $10^{16}$ GeV with a relative error of less than 1\%. Notably, gauge coupling unification in Model II is achieved naturally with the smallest relative error of 0.1\%. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_18306 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | High-Quality Axion Models with the Anomalous $U(1)_X$ Gauge Symmetry Gao, Hongkun Li, Tianjun Wu, Lina Zhang, Wenxing High Energy Physics - Phenomenology We propose the generic high-quality axion models with anomalous $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry and vector-like particles. We briefly review the gauge anomaly cancellations via the Green-Schwarz mechanism, study the breaking of the $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry, as well as derive the Nambu-Goldstone boson, Peccei-Quinn (PQ) axion, and axion decay constant in general. The high-dimensional operators, which break the $U(1)_{PQ}$ global symmetry, have dimension eleven or higher due to the anomalous $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry, and thus the axion quality problem is solved. In particular, unlike the high-quality axion models with anomaly free $U(1)$ gauge symmetry, we only need to introduce two pairs of vector-like particles. To be concrete, we present three specific models with two pairs of vector-like particles. We show that gauge anomalies in all three models can be canceled via the Green-Schwarz mechanism. To achieve gauge coupling unification, we need to introduce additional vector-like particles only in Model I. We find that gauge coupling unification is achieved at the unification scale around $10^{16}$ GeV with a relative error of less than 1\%. Notably, gauge coupling unification in Model II is achieved naturally with the smallest relative error of 0.1\%. |
| title | High-Quality Axion Models with the Anomalous $U(1)_X$ Gauge Symmetry |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.18306 |