_version_ 1866915573382774784
author Andreux, Mathieu
Bakler, Märt
Barbier, Yanael
Benchekroun, Hamza
Biré, Emilien
Bonnet, Antoine
Bordie, Riaz
Bout, Nathan
Brunel, Matthias
Cambray, Aleix
Cedoz, Pierre-Louis
Chassang, Antoine
Cloix, Gautier
Connelly, Ethan
Constantinou, Alexandra
De Coster, Ramzi
de la Jonquiere, Hubert
Delfosse, Aurélien
Delpit, Maxime
Deprez, Alexis
Derupti, Augustin
Diaz, Mathieu
D'Souza, Shannon
Dujardin, Julie
Edmund, Abai
Eickenberg, Michael
Fatalot, Armand
Felissi, Wissem
Herring, Isaac
Koegler, Xavier
de Kergaradec, Erwan Le Jumeau
Lac, Aurélien
Langevin, Maxime
Lauverjat, Corentin
Loison, Antonio
Manevich, Avshalom
Moyal, Axel
Kerbel, Axel Nguyen
Parovic, Marinela
Revelle, Julien
Richard, Guillaume
Richter, Mats
Riochet, Ronan
Santos, María
Savidan, Romain
Sifre, Laurent
Theillard, Maxime
Thibault, Marc
Valentini, Ivan
Wu, Tony
Yie, Laura
Yuan, Kai
Zubovskij, Jevgenij
author_facet Andreux, Mathieu
Bakler, Märt
Barbier, Yanael
Benchekroun, Hamza
Biré, Emilien
Bonnet, Antoine
Bordie, Riaz
Bout, Nathan
Brunel, Matthias
Cambray, Aleix
Cedoz, Pierre-Louis
Chassang, Antoine
Cloix, Gautier
Connelly, Ethan
Constantinou, Alexandra
De Coster, Ramzi
de la Jonquiere, Hubert
Delfosse, Aurélien
Delpit, Maxime
Deprez, Alexis
Derupti, Augustin
Diaz, Mathieu
D'Souza, Shannon
Dujardin, Julie
Edmund, Abai
Eickenberg, Michael
Fatalot, Armand
Felissi, Wissem
Herring, Isaac
Koegler, Xavier
de Kergaradec, Erwan Le Jumeau
Lac, Aurélien
Langevin, Maxime
Lauverjat, Corentin
Loison, Antonio
Manevich, Avshalom
Moyal, Axel
Kerbel, Axel Nguyen
Parovic, Marinela
Revelle, Julien
Richard, Guillaume
Richter, Mats
Riochet, Ronan
Santos, María
Savidan, Romain
Sifre, Laurent
Theillard, Maxime
Thibault, Marc
Valentini, Ivan
Wu, Tony
Yie, Laura
Yuan, Kai
Zubovskij, Jevgenij
contents Building agents that generalize across web, desktop, and mobile environments remains an open challenge, as prior systems rely on environment-specific interfaces that limit cross-platform deployment. We introduce Surfer 2, a unified architecture operating purely from visual observations that achieves state-of-the-art performance across all three environments. Surfer 2 integrates hierarchical context management, decoupled planning and execution, and self-verification with adaptive recovery, enabling reliable operation over long task horizons. Our system achieves 97.1% accuracy on WebVoyager, 69.6% on WebArena, 60.1% on OSWorld, and 87.1% on AndroidWorld, outperforming all prior systems without task-specific fine-tuning. With multiple attempts, Surfer 2 exceeds human performance on all benchmarks. These results demonstrate that systematic orchestration amplifies foundation model capabilities and enables general-purpose computer control through visual interaction alone, while calling for a next-generation vision language model to achieve Pareto-optimal cost-efficiency.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_19949
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Surfer 2: The Next Generation of Cross-Platform Computer Use Agents
Andreux, Mathieu
Bakler, Märt
Barbier, Yanael
Benchekroun, Hamza
Biré, Emilien
Bonnet, Antoine
Bordie, Riaz
Bout, Nathan
Brunel, Matthias
Cambray, Aleix
Cedoz, Pierre-Louis
Chassang, Antoine
Cloix, Gautier
Connelly, Ethan
Constantinou, Alexandra
De Coster, Ramzi
de la Jonquiere, Hubert
Delfosse, Aurélien
Delpit, Maxime
Deprez, Alexis
Derupti, Augustin
Diaz, Mathieu
D'Souza, Shannon
Dujardin, Julie
Edmund, Abai
Eickenberg, Michael
Fatalot, Armand
Felissi, Wissem
Herring, Isaac
Koegler, Xavier
de Kergaradec, Erwan Le Jumeau
Lac, Aurélien
Langevin, Maxime
Lauverjat, Corentin
Loison, Antonio
Manevich, Avshalom
Moyal, Axel
Kerbel, Axel Nguyen
Parovic, Marinela
Revelle, Julien
Richard, Guillaume
Richter, Mats
Riochet, Ronan
Santos, María
Savidan, Romain
Sifre, Laurent
Theillard, Maxime
Thibault, Marc
Valentini, Ivan
Wu, Tony
Yie, Laura
Yuan, Kai
Zubovskij, Jevgenij
Artificial Intelligence
Building agents that generalize across web, desktop, and mobile environments remains an open challenge, as prior systems rely on environment-specific interfaces that limit cross-platform deployment. We introduce Surfer 2, a unified architecture operating purely from visual observations that achieves state-of-the-art performance across all three environments. Surfer 2 integrates hierarchical context management, decoupled planning and execution, and self-verification with adaptive recovery, enabling reliable operation over long task horizons. Our system achieves 97.1% accuracy on WebVoyager, 69.6% on WebArena, 60.1% on OSWorld, and 87.1% on AndroidWorld, outperforming all prior systems without task-specific fine-tuning. With multiple attempts, Surfer 2 exceeds human performance on all benchmarks. These results demonstrate that systematic orchestration amplifies foundation model capabilities and enables general-purpose computer control through visual interaction alone, while calling for a next-generation vision language model to achieve Pareto-optimal cost-efficiency.
title Surfer 2: The Next Generation of Cross-Platform Computer Use Agents
topic Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.19949