Learning Decentralized Routing Policies via Graph Attention-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Lunar Delay-Tolerant Networks

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Lozano-Cuadra, Federico, Soret, Beatriz, Net, Marc Sanchez, Cauligi, Abhishek, Rossi, Federico
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Lozano-Cuadra, Federico
Soret, Beatriz
Net, Marc Sanchez
Cauligi, Abhishek
Rossi, Federico
author_facet Lozano-Cuadra, Federico
Soret, Beatriz
Net, Marc Sanchez
Cauligi, Abhishek
Rossi, Federico
contents We present a fully decentralized routing framework for multi-robot exploration missions operating under the constraints of a Lunar Delay-Tolerant Network (LDTN). In this setting, autonomous rovers must relay collected data to a lander under intermittent connectivity and unknown mobility patterns. We formulate the problem as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Problem (POMDP) and propose a Graph Attention-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (GAT-MARL) policy that performs Centralized Training, Decentralized Execution (CTDE). Our method relies only on local observations and does not require global topology updates or packet replication, unlike classical approaches such as shortest path and controlled flooding-based algorithms. Through Monte Carlo simulations in randomized exploration environments, GAT-MARL provides higher delivery rates, no duplications, and fewer packet losses, and is able to leverage short-term mobility forecasts; offering a scalable solution for future space robotic systems for planetary exploration, as demonstrated by successful generalization to larger rover teams.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_20436
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Learning Decentralized Routing Policies via Graph Attention-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Lunar Delay-Tolerant Networks
Lozano-Cuadra, Federico
Soret, Beatriz
Net, Marc Sanchez
Cauligi, Abhishek
Rossi, Federico
Machine Learning
We present a fully decentralized routing framework for multi-robot exploration missions operating under the constraints of a Lunar Delay-Tolerant Network (LDTN). In this setting, autonomous rovers must relay collected data to a lander under intermittent connectivity and unknown mobility patterns. We formulate the problem as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Problem (POMDP) and propose a Graph Attention-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (GAT-MARL) policy that performs Centralized Training, Decentralized Execution (CTDE). Our method relies only on local observations and does not require global topology updates or packet replication, unlike classical approaches such as shortest path and controlled flooding-based algorithms. Through Monte Carlo simulations in randomized exploration environments, GAT-MARL provides higher delivery rates, no duplications, and fewer packet losses, and is able to leverage short-term mobility forecasts; offering a scalable solution for future space robotic systems for planetary exploration, as demonstrated by successful generalization to larger rover teams.
title Learning Decentralized Routing Policies via Graph Attention-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Lunar Delay-Tolerant Networks
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.20436