An Axial-Vector Leptophilic Fifth Force Sourced by Solar Neutrinos
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866908607676678144 |
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| author | Fang, Rundong Guo, Ji-Heng Liu, Jia Wang, Xiao-Ping Zhao, YanLi |
| author_facet | Fang, Rundong Guo, Ji-Heng Liu, Jia Wang, Xiao-Ping Zhao, YanLi |
| contents | We investigate long-range, purely leptophilic axial-vector interactions mediated by a light gauge boson $A'$ that couples to charged leptons and, by weak symmetry, to left-handed neutrinos. We analyze two realizations, a minimal effective model with muon-only couplings and an anomaly-free axial $U(1)'$ with inter-generation cancellations. In both cases, the solar neutrino flux acts as an extended current that sources a macroscopic $A'$ field at Earth, with spatial components aligned along the Sun-Earth direction. This field produces a distinctive signature in storage-ring measurements of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, $(g-2)_μ$, namely a diurnal, sign-changing contribution that is positive during daytime and negative at night, superimposed on a time-independent positive offset. We obtain bounds $g' \lesssim {O}(10^{-19})$ in both model frameworks for a light, effectively massless mediator. For completeness, we map the solar-neutrino-sourced potential to electron spin-sensor experiments and find $g' \lesssim {O}(10^{-22})$ in the electron channel. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_20672 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | An Axial-Vector Leptophilic Fifth Force Sourced by Solar Neutrinos Fang, Rundong Guo, Ji-Heng Liu, Jia Wang, Xiao-Ping Zhao, YanLi High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Experiment We investigate long-range, purely leptophilic axial-vector interactions mediated by a light gauge boson $A'$ that couples to charged leptons and, by weak symmetry, to left-handed neutrinos. We analyze two realizations, a minimal effective model with muon-only couplings and an anomaly-free axial $U(1)'$ with inter-generation cancellations. In both cases, the solar neutrino flux acts as an extended current that sources a macroscopic $A'$ field at Earth, with spatial components aligned along the Sun-Earth direction. This field produces a distinctive signature in storage-ring measurements of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, $(g-2)_μ$, namely a diurnal, sign-changing contribution that is positive during daytime and negative at night, superimposed on a time-independent positive offset. We obtain bounds $g' \lesssim {O}(10^{-19})$ in both model frameworks for a light, effectively massless mediator. For completeness, we map the solar-neutrino-sourced potential to electron spin-sensor experiments and find $g' \lesssim {O}(10^{-22})$ in the electron channel. |
| title | An Axial-Vector Leptophilic Fifth Force Sourced by Solar Neutrinos |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Experiment |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.20672 |