Opto-Electronic Clock Regeneration -- A Tutorial
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866917038674411520 |
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| author | Jeppesen, Palle Tromborg, Bjarne |
| author_facet | Jeppesen, Palle Tromborg, Bjarne |
| contents | A tutorial on opto-electronic clock regeneration at very high bit rates beyond reach with purely electronic solutions is given. Emphasis is placed on sum frequency generation in a nonlinear material such as LiNbO3. We first provide a basic introduction to CR (clock recovery) and a PLL (phase-locked loop); two examples are considered, an input signal frequency step and a slow input signal frequency. Next we discuss opto-electronic clock recovery based on an OPLL (opto-electronic PLL). The OPLL contains a phase comparator consisting of a planar LiNbO3 waveguide, a lowpass filter, a VCO (voltage controlled oscillator) and a local oscillator laser. The error signal from the comparator determined by the difference in electrical phase between the signal and the VCO controls the VCO. The VCO has two outputs; one that modulates the local oscillator laser and another that triggers a decision circuit that samples the output from the OPLL. The VCO is continuously adjusted by the OPLL so that it will ensure sampling of the signal in the optimal moments. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_20869 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Opto-Electronic Clock Regeneration -- A Tutorial Jeppesen, Palle Tromborg, Bjarne Optics Signal Processing A tutorial on opto-electronic clock regeneration at very high bit rates beyond reach with purely electronic solutions is given. Emphasis is placed on sum frequency generation in a nonlinear material such as LiNbO3. We first provide a basic introduction to CR (clock recovery) and a PLL (phase-locked loop); two examples are considered, an input signal frequency step and a slow input signal frequency. Next we discuss opto-electronic clock recovery based on an OPLL (opto-electronic PLL). The OPLL contains a phase comparator consisting of a planar LiNbO3 waveguide, a lowpass filter, a VCO (voltage controlled oscillator) and a local oscillator laser. The error signal from the comparator determined by the difference in electrical phase between the signal and the VCO controls the VCO. The VCO has two outputs; one that modulates the local oscillator laser and another that triggers a decision circuit that samples the output from the OPLL. The VCO is continuously adjusted by the OPLL so that it will ensure sampling of the signal in the optimal moments. |
| title | Opto-Electronic Clock Regeneration -- A Tutorial |
| topic | Optics Signal Processing |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.20869 |