Kernel Learning with Adversarial Features: Numerical Efficiency and Adaptive Regularization

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Ribeiro, Antônio H., Vävinggren, David, Zachariah, Dave, Schön, Thomas B., Bach, Francis
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Ribeiro, Antônio H.
Vävinggren, David
Zachariah, Dave
Schön, Thomas B.
Bach, Francis
author_facet Ribeiro, Antônio H.
Vävinggren, David
Zachariah, Dave
Schön, Thomas B.
Bach, Francis
contents Adversarial training has emerged as a key technique to enhance model robustness against adversarial input perturbations. Many of the existing methods rely on computationally expensive min-max problems that limit their application in practice. We propose a novel formulation of adversarial training in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces, shifting from input to feature-space perturbations. This reformulation enables the exact solution of inner maximization and efficient optimization. It also provides a regularized estimator that naturally adapts to the noise level and the smoothness of the underlying function. We establish conditions under which the feature-perturbed formulation is a relaxation of the original problem and propose an efficient optimization algorithm based on iterative kernel ridge regression. We provide generalization bounds that help to understand the properties of the method. We also extend the formulation to multiple kernel learning. Empirical evaluation shows good performance in both clean and adversarial settings.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_20883
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Kernel Learning with Adversarial Features: Numerical Efficiency and Adaptive Regularization
Ribeiro, Antônio H.
Vävinggren, David
Zachariah, Dave
Schön, Thomas B.
Bach, Francis
Machine Learning
Cryptography and Security
Optimization and Control
Adversarial training has emerged as a key technique to enhance model robustness against adversarial input perturbations. Many of the existing methods rely on computationally expensive min-max problems that limit their application in practice. We propose a novel formulation of adversarial training in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces, shifting from input to feature-space perturbations. This reformulation enables the exact solution of inner maximization and efficient optimization. It also provides a regularized estimator that naturally adapts to the noise level and the smoothness of the underlying function. We establish conditions under which the feature-perturbed formulation is a relaxation of the original problem and propose an efficient optimization algorithm based on iterative kernel ridge regression. We provide generalization bounds that help to understand the properties of the method. We also extend the formulation to multiple kernel learning. Empirical evaluation shows good performance in both clean and adversarial settings.
title Kernel Learning with Adversarial Features: Numerical Efficiency and Adaptive Regularization
topic Machine Learning
Cryptography and Security
Optimization and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.20883