Probe-based Fine-tuning for Reducing Toxicity

Fuente: arXiv

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Wehner, Jan, Fritz, Mario
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2025
Subjects:	Machine Learning
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Taxonomy, Opportunities, and Challenges of Representation Engineering for Large Language Models
by: Wehner, Jan, et al.
Published: (2025)

DAPI: Domain Adaptive Toxicity Probe Vector Intervention for Fine-Grained Detoxification
by: Hyeonsu, Cho, et al.
Published: (2025)

SoK: Reducing the Vulnerability of Fine-tuned Language Models to Membership Inference Attacks
by: Amit, Guy, et al.
Published: (2024)

Memento: Fine-tuning LLM Agents without Fine-tuning LLMs
by: Zhou, Huichi, et al.
Published: (2025)

Safe LoRA: the Silver Lining of Reducing Safety Risks when Fine-tuning Large Language Models
by: Hsu, Chia-Yi, et al.
Published: (2024)

Can We Use Probing to Better Understand Fine-tuning and Knowledge Distillation of the BERT NLU?
by: Hościłowicz, Jakub, et al.
Published: (2023)

HOFT: Householder Orthogonal Fine-tuning
by: Arcas, Alejandro Moreno, et al.
Published: (2025)

Bayesian Fine-tuning in Projected Subspaces
by: Dubovik, Viktar, et al.
Published: (2026)

Open-Vocabulary Calibration for Fine-tuned CLIP
by: Wang, Shuoyuan, et al.
Published: (2024)

Analyzing the Effect of Noise in LLM Fine-tuning
by: Li, Lingfang, et al.
Published: (2026)

A General Framework to Enhance Fine-tuning-based LLM Unlearning
by: Ren, Jie, et al.
Published: (2025)

Automatic Pruning of Fine-tuning Datasets for Transformer-based Language Models
by: Tayaranian, Mohammadreza, et al.
Published: (2024)

Can Muon Fine-tune Adam-Pretrained Models?
by: Qu, Xingyu, et al.
Published: (2026)

Online Joint Fine-tuning of Multi-Agent Flows
by: Mineiro, Paul
Published: (2024)

Efficient Adjoint Matching for Fine-tuning Diffusion Models
by: Shin, Jeongwoo, et al.
Published: (2026)

Grow, Don't Overwrite: Fine-tuning Without Forgetting
by: Adila, Dyah, et al.
Published: (2026)

ReFine: Boosting Time Series Prediction of Extreme Events by Reweighting and Fine-tuning
by: Shi, Jimeng, et al.
Published: (2024)

BMFT: Achieving Fairness via Bias-based Weight Masking Fine-tuning
by: Xue, Yuyang, et al.
Published: (2024)

Episode-specific Fine-tuning for Metric-based Few-shot Learners with Optimization-based Training
by: Zhuang, Xuanyu, et al.
Published: (2025)

$π_\texttt{RL}$: Online RL Fine-tuning for Flow-based Vision-Language-Action Models
by: Chen, Kang, et al.
Published: (2025)

Efficiently Estimating Data Efficiency for Language Model Fine-tuning
by: Je, Gyung Hyun, et al.
Published: (2025)

A Study of Optimizations for Fine-tuning Large Language Models
by: Singh, Arjun, et al.
Published: (2024)

Understanding Fine-tuning in Approximate Unlearning: A Theoretical Perspective
by: Ding, Meng, et al.
Published: (2024)

Model Balancing Helps Low-data Training and Fine-tuning
by: Liu, Zihang, et al.
Published: (2024)

Functional-level Uncertainty Quantification for Calibrated Fine-tuning on LLMs
by: Niu, Ruijia, et al.
Published: (2024)

FDPP: Fine-tune Diffusion Policy with Human Preference
by: Chen, Yuxin, et al.
Published: (2025)

SMART Fine-tuning Factor Augmented Neural Lasso
by: Chai, Jinhang, et al.
Published: (2026)

Explaining Learned Reward Functions with Counterfactual Trajectories
by: Wehner, Jan, et al.
Published: (2024)

Selective Pre-training for Private Fine-tuning
by: Yu, Da, et al.
Published: (2023)

Multitask Mayhem: Unveiling and Mitigating Safety Gaps in LLMs Fine-tuning
by: Jan, Essa, et al.
Published: (2024)

Fine-tuning is Not Fine: Mitigating Backdoor Attacks in GNNs with Limited Clean Data
by: Zhang, Jiale, et al.
Published: (2025)

Towards Safeguarding LLM Fine-tuning APIs against Cipher Attacks
by: Youstra, Jack, et al.
Published: (2025)

Fine-tuning on simulated data outperforms prompting for agent tone of voice
by: Marquardt, Ingo, et al.
Published: (2025)

DP-MicroAdam: Private and Frugal Algorithm for Training and Fine-tuning
by: Hudişteanu, Mihaela, et al.
Published: (2025)

TuneShift-KD: Knowledge Distillation and Transfer for Fine-tuned Models
by: Guan, Yushi, et al.
Published: (2026)

Reliable and Compact Graph Fine-tuning via GraphSparse Prompting
by: Jiang, Bo, et al.
Published: (2024)

Kaizen: Practical Self-supervised Continual Learning with Continual Fine-tuning
by: Tang, Chi Ian, et al.
Published: (2023)

Fine-tuned In-Context Learning Transformers are Excellent Tabular Data Classifiers
by: Breejen, Felix den, et al.
Published: (2024)

Mechanistic Fine-tuning for In-context Learning
by: Cho, Hakaze, et al.
Published: (2025)

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

Environment & details:

GET Data empty

POST Data empty

Files empty

Key	Value
language	"en"
ui	"standard"
VUFIND_SESSION	"d7c0849960c2ba0e10052915b5b7e4a4"

Session

Key	Value
__Laminas	array:2 [`"_REQUEST_ACCESS_TIME" => 1790990743.7052 "_VALID" => array:1 [ "Laminas\Session\Validator\Id" => "d7c0849960c2ba0e10052915b5b7e4a4" ]`]
SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#938}
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1433}
SessionHelper	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1759}

Server/Request Data

Key	Value
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
REDIRECT_HTTPS	"on"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
REDIRECT_STATUS	"200"
VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
HTTPS	"on"
SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
HTTP_ACCEPT	"/"
HTTP_USER_AGENT	"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
HTTP_COOKIE	"language=en; ui=standard; VUFIND_SESSION=d7c0849960c2ba0e10052915b5b7e4a4"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING	"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_HOST	"info.umar.mx"
PATH	"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/snap/bin"
SERVER_SIGNATURE	"<address>Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu) Server at info.umar.mx Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE	"Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu)"
SERVER_NAME	"info.umar.mx"
SERVER_ADDR	"200.23.222.19"
SERVER_PORT	"443"
REMOTE_ADDR	"216.73.217.142"
DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
REQUEST_SCHEME	"https"
CONTEXT_PREFIX	""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
SERVER_ADMIN	"admin@localhost"
SCRIPT_FILENAME	"/usr/local/vufind/public/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT	"38685"
REDIRECT_URL	""" /Record/\n arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_21531/Similar """
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	"CGI/1.1"
SERVER_PROTOCOL	"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD	"GET"
QUERY_STRING	""
REQUEST_URI	"/Record/%0Aarxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_21531/Similar"
SCRIPT_NAME	"/index.php"
PHP_SELF	"/index.php"
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT	1790990743.7005
REQUEST_TIME	1790990743

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

Environment & details:

GET Data empty

POST Data empty

Files empty

Key	Value
language	"en"
ui	"standard"
VUFIND_SESSION	"d7c0849960c2ba0e10052915b5b7e4a4"

Session

Key	Value
__Laminas	array:2 [`"_REQUEST_ACCESS_TIME" => 1790990743.7052 "_VALID" => array:1 [ "Laminas\Session\Validator\Id" => "d7c0849960c2ba0e10052915b5b7e4a4" ]`]
SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#938}
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1433}
SessionHelper	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1759}

Server/Request Data

Key	Value
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
REDIRECT_HTTPS	"on"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
REDIRECT_STATUS	"200"
VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
HTTPS	"on"
SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
HTTP_ACCEPT	"/"
HTTP_USER_AGENT	"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
HTTP_COOKIE	"language=en; ui=standard; VUFIND_SESSION=d7c0849960c2ba0e10052915b5b7e4a4"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING	"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_HOST	"info.umar.mx"
PATH	"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/snap/bin"
SERVER_SIGNATURE	"<address>Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu) Server at info.umar.mx Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE	"Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu)"
SERVER_NAME	"info.umar.mx"
SERVER_ADDR	"200.23.222.19"
SERVER_PORT	"443"
REMOTE_ADDR	"216.73.217.142"
DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
REQUEST_SCHEME	"https"
CONTEXT_PREFIX	""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
SERVER_ADMIN	"admin@localhost"
SCRIPT_FILENAME	"/usr/local/vufind/public/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT	"38685"
REDIRECT_URL	""" /Record/\n arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_21531/Similar """
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	"CGI/1.1"
SERVER_PROTOCOL	"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD	"GET"
QUERY_STRING	""
REQUEST_URI	"/Record/%0Aarxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_21531/Similar"
SCRIPT_NAME	"/index.php"
PHP_SELF	"/index.php"
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT	1790990743.7005
REQUEST_TIME	1790990743

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

Similar Items

Similar Items

Environment & details:

Environment & details: