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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Accesso online: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.22447 |
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| _version_ | 1866915812770578432 |
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| author | Król, D. Ł. Fabbiano, G. Elvis, M. Falcão, A. Trindade Zhu, P. Kewley, L. J. Middei, R. Rosario, D. Davies, R. Shimizu, T. Hill, D. |
| author_facet | Król, D. Ł. Fabbiano, G. Elvis, M. Falcão, A. Trindade Zhu, P. Kewley, L. J. Middei, R. Rosario, D. Davies, R. Shimizu, T. Hill, D. |
| contents | We present a detailed, spatially resolved { Veilleux \& Osterbrock (VO) diagram} analysis of ESO\,137-G034, a Compton-thick Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN), based on narrowband {\it HST} imaging in [O~III], [S~II], H$α$, and H$β$ emission lines. The narrowband optical emission exhibits a bi-conical morphology and traces the diffuse X-ray emission observed with \textit{Chandra}. We dissect the Interstellar Medium (ISM) into Seyfert-, LINER-, and H~II-dominated regions with a resolution of $\sim0.1^{\prime\prime}$ ($\sim20$\,pc at $z=0.009$). To { visualize} the fine spatial structure of the { ISM excitation}, we introduce a new parameter: the Seyfert/LINER Index (SLI), defined as the perpendicular distance of each point in the { VO} diagram from the Seyfert/LINER division line. { SLI mapping reveals fine spatial structures in the ISM excitation especially in the Seyfert ionization bi-cones where the statistical significance of our data is higher.} Most of the emission within the bi-cones is Seyfert-like, with SLI values consistent with regions of the { VO} diagram that can be modeled with AGN photoionization. In the North-West Seyfert cone three radial SLI peaks suggest episodic nuclear outbursts, with estimated timescales of a few $10^3$\,yrs and $<100$\,yrs duration. The South-East cone shows inhomogeneous excitation, with a higher SLI region in its inner part, coinciding with a wider region of enhanced soft X-ray emission at the radio lobe inner edge. This region is characterized by line ratios consistent with fast shocks ($>1000$\,km\,s$^{-1}$) induced excitation. The North-West cone is surrounded by a smooth LINER ``cocoon''. The LINER region in the SE cone appears more irregular, with inter-cone LINER points likely shaped by both local ISM structure and shocks. Our findings highlight the complex interplay of different AGN feedback mechanisms in the ISM. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_22447 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | High Resolution (<100pc) Ionization Structures in the ISM of AGN ESO~137-G34 Król, D. Ł. Fabbiano, G. Elvis, M. Falcão, A. Trindade Zhu, P. Kewley, L. J. Middei, R. Rosario, D. Davies, R. Shimizu, T. Hill, D. Astrophysics of Galaxies High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena We present a detailed, spatially resolved { Veilleux \& Osterbrock (VO) diagram} analysis of ESO\,137-G034, a Compton-thick Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN), based on narrowband {\it HST} imaging in [O~III], [S~II], H$α$, and H$β$ emission lines. The narrowband optical emission exhibits a bi-conical morphology and traces the diffuse X-ray emission observed with \textit{Chandra}. We dissect the Interstellar Medium (ISM) into Seyfert-, LINER-, and H~II-dominated regions with a resolution of $\sim0.1^{\prime\prime}$ ($\sim20$\,pc at $z=0.009$). To { visualize} the fine spatial structure of the { ISM excitation}, we introduce a new parameter: the Seyfert/LINER Index (SLI), defined as the perpendicular distance of each point in the { VO} diagram from the Seyfert/LINER division line. { SLI mapping reveals fine spatial structures in the ISM excitation especially in the Seyfert ionization bi-cones where the statistical significance of our data is higher.} Most of the emission within the bi-cones is Seyfert-like, with SLI values consistent with regions of the { VO} diagram that can be modeled with AGN photoionization. In the North-West Seyfert cone three radial SLI peaks suggest episodic nuclear outbursts, with estimated timescales of a few $10^3$\,yrs and $<100$\,yrs duration. The South-East cone shows inhomogeneous excitation, with a higher SLI region in its inner part, coinciding with a wider region of enhanced soft X-ray emission at the radio lobe inner edge. This region is characterized by line ratios consistent with fast shocks ($>1000$\,km\,s$^{-1}$) induced excitation. The North-West cone is surrounded by a smooth LINER ``cocoon''. The LINER region in the SE cone appears more irregular, with inter-cone LINER points likely shaped by both local ISM structure and shocks. Our findings highlight the complex interplay of different AGN feedback mechanisms in the ISM. |
| title | High Resolution (<100pc) Ionization Structures in the ISM of AGN ESO~137-G34 |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.22447 |