Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Results: Redshift Calibration of the Weak Lensing Source Galaxies

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Main Authors: Yin, B., Amon, A., Campos, A., Troxel, M. A., d'Assignies, W., Bernstein, G. M., Camacho-Ciurana, G., Mau, S., Becker, M. R., Giannini, G., Alarcón, A., Gruen, D., McCullough, J., Yamamoto, M., Anbajagane, D., Dodelson, S., Sánchez, C., Myles, J., Prat, J., Chang, C., Crocce, M., Bechtol, K., Ferté, A., Gatti, M., MacCrann, N., Marco, R., Porredón, A., Cid, D. Sánchez, Schutt, T., Tabbut, M., To, C., Abbott, T., Aguena, M., Alves, O., Bacon, D., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Camilleri, R., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F., Cawthon, R., Conselice, C., da Costa, L., Pereira, M. da Silva, Davis, T., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eifler, T., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., de Souza, D. Francis, Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztañaga, E., Giles, P., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S., Hollowood, D., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., Jain, B., James, D., Kuehn, K., Lee, S., Lin, H., Marshall, J., Mena-Fernández, J., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Muir, J., Ogando, R., Palmese, A., Petravick, D., Malagón, A. Plazas, Roodman, A., Rosenfeld, R., Samuroff, S., Sánchez, E., Sevilla, I., Sheldon, E., Shin, T., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M., Tarlé, G., Thomas, D., Vikram, V., Walker, A., Wiseman, P.
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Published: 2025
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_version_ 1866917045950480384
author Yin, B.
Amon, A.
Campos, A.
Troxel, M. A.
d'Assignies, W.
Bernstein, G. M.
Camacho-Ciurana, G.
Mau, S.
Becker, M. R.
Giannini, G.
Alarcón, A.
Gruen, D.
McCullough, J.
Yamamoto, M.
Anbajagane, D.
Dodelson, S.
Sánchez, C.
Myles, J.
Prat, J.
Chang, C.
Crocce, M.
Bechtol, K.
Ferté, A.
Gatti, M.
MacCrann, N.
Marco, R.
Porredón, A.
Cid, D. Sánchez
Schutt, T.
Tabbut, M.
To, C.
Abbott, T.
Aguena, M.
Alves, O.
Bacon, D.
Bocquet, S.
Brooks, D.
Camilleri, R.
Rosell, A. Carnero
Kind, M. Carrasco
Carretero, J.
Castander, F.
Cawthon, R.
Conselice, C.
da Costa, L.
Pereira, M. da Silva
Davis, T.
De Vicente, J.
Desai, S.
Diehl, H.
Doux, C.
Drlica-Wagner, A.
Eifler, T.
Elvin-Poole, J.
Everett, S.
Flaugher, B.
Fosalba, P.
de Souza, D. Francis
Frieman, J.
Garcia-Bellido, J.
Gaztañaga, E.
Giles, P.
Gutierrez, G.
Hinton, S.
Hollowood, D.
Honscheid, K.
Huterer, D.
Jain, B.
James, D.
Kuehn, K.
Lee, S.
Lin, H.
Marshall, J.
Mena-Fernández, J.
Menanteau, F.
Miquel, R.
Muir, J.
Ogando, R.
Palmese, A.
Petravick, D.
Malagón, A. Plazas
Roodman, A.
Rosenfeld, R.
Samuroff, S.
Sánchez, E.
Sevilla, I.
Sheldon, E.
Shin, T.
Smith, M.
Suchyta, E.
Swanson, M.
Tarlé, G.
Thomas, D.
Vikram, V.
Walker, A.
Wiseman, P.
author_facet Yin, B.
Amon, A.
Campos, A.
Troxel, M. A.
d'Assignies, W.
Bernstein, G. M.
Camacho-Ciurana, G.
Mau, S.
Becker, M. R.
Giannini, G.
Alarcón, A.
Gruen, D.
McCullough, J.
Yamamoto, M.
Anbajagane, D.
Dodelson, S.
Sánchez, C.
Myles, J.
Prat, J.
Chang, C.
Crocce, M.
Bechtol, K.
Ferté, A.
Gatti, M.
MacCrann, N.
Marco, R.
Porredón, A.
Cid, D. Sánchez
Schutt, T.
Tabbut, M.
To, C.
Abbott, T.
Aguena, M.
Alves, O.
Bacon, D.
Bocquet, S.
Brooks, D.
Camilleri, R.
Rosell, A. Carnero
Kind, M. Carrasco
Carretero, J.
Castander, F.
Cawthon, R.
Conselice, C.
da Costa, L.
Pereira, M. da Silva
Davis, T.
De Vicente, J.
Desai, S.
Diehl, H.
Doux, C.
Drlica-Wagner, A.
Eifler, T.
Elvin-Poole, J.
Everett, S.
Flaugher, B.
Fosalba, P.
de Souza, D. Francis
Frieman, J.
Garcia-Bellido, J.
Gaztañaga, E.
Giles, P.
Gutierrez, G.
Hinton, S.
Hollowood, D.
Honscheid, K.
Huterer, D.
Jain, B.
James, D.
Kuehn, K.
Lee, S.
Lin, H.
Marshall, J.
Mena-Fernández, J.
Menanteau, F.
Miquel, R.
Muir, J.
Ogando, R.
Palmese, A.
Petravick, D.
Malagón, A. Plazas
Roodman, A.
Rosenfeld, R.
Samuroff, S.
Sánchez, E.
Sevilla, I.
Sheldon, E.
Shin, T.
Smith, M.
Suchyta, E.
Swanson, M.
Tarlé, G.
Thomas, D.
Vikram, V.
Walker, A.
Wiseman, P.
contents Determining the distribution of redshifts for galaxies in wide-field photometric surveys is essential for robust cosmological studies of weak gravitational lensing. We present the methodology, calibrated redshift distributions, and uncertainties of the final Dark Energy Survey Year 6 (Y6) weak lensing galaxy data, divided into four redshift bins centered at $\langle z \rangle = [0.414, 0.538, 0.846, 1.157]$. We combine independent information from two methods on the full shape of redshift distributions: optical and near-infrared photometry within an improved Self-Organizing Map $p(z)$ (SOMPZ) framework, and cross-correlations with spectroscopic galaxy clustering measurements (WZ), which we demonstrate to be consistent both in terms of the redshift calibration itself and in terms of resulting cosmological constraints within 0.1$σ$. We describe the process used to produce an ensemble of redshift distributions that account for several known sources of uncertainty. Among these, imperfection in the calibration sample due to the lack of faint, representative spectra is the dominant factor. The final uncertainty on mean redshift in each bin is $σ_{\langle z\rangle} = [0.012, 0.008,0.009, 0.024]$. We ensure the robustness of the redshift distributions by leveraging new image simulations and a cross-check with galaxy shape information via the shear ratio (SR) method.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_23566
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Results: Redshift Calibration of the Weak Lensing Source Galaxies
Yin, B.
Amon, A.
Campos, A.
Troxel, M. A.
d'Assignies, W.
Bernstein, G. M.
Camacho-Ciurana, G.
Mau, S.
Becker, M. R.
Giannini, G.
Alarcón, A.
Gruen, D.
McCullough, J.
Yamamoto, M.
Anbajagane, D.
Dodelson, S.
Sánchez, C.
Myles, J.
Prat, J.
Chang, C.
Crocce, M.
Bechtol, K.
Ferté, A.
Gatti, M.
MacCrann, N.
Marco, R.
Porredón, A.
Cid, D. Sánchez
Schutt, T.
Tabbut, M.
To, C.
Abbott, T.
Aguena, M.
Alves, O.
Bacon, D.
Bocquet, S.
Brooks, D.
Camilleri, R.
Rosell, A. Carnero
Kind, M. Carrasco
Carretero, J.
Castander, F.
Cawthon, R.
Conselice, C.
da Costa, L.
Pereira, M. da Silva
Davis, T.
De Vicente, J.
Desai, S.
Diehl, H.
Doux, C.
Drlica-Wagner, A.
Eifler, T.
Elvin-Poole, J.
Everett, S.
Flaugher, B.
Fosalba, P.
de Souza, D. Francis
Frieman, J.
Garcia-Bellido, J.
Gaztañaga, E.
Giles, P.
Gutierrez, G.
Hinton, S.
Hollowood, D.
Honscheid, K.
Huterer, D.
Jain, B.
James, D.
Kuehn, K.
Lee, S.
Lin, H.
Marshall, J.
Mena-Fernández, J.
Menanteau, F.
Miquel, R.
Muir, J.
Ogando, R.
Palmese, A.
Petravick, D.
Malagón, A. Plazas
Roodman, A.
Rosenfeld, R.
Samuroff, S.
Sánchez, E.
Sevilla, I.
Sheldon, E.
Shin, T.
Smith, M.
Suchyta, E.
Swanson, M.
Tarlé, G.
Thomas, D.
Vikram, V.
Walker, A.
Wiseman, P.
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Determining the distribution of redshifts for galaxies in wide-field photometric surveys is essential for robust cosmological studies of weak gravitational lensing. We present the methodology, calibrated redshift distributions, and uncertainties of the final Dark Energy Survey Year 6 (Y6) weak lensing galaxy data, divided into four redshift bins centered at $\langle z \rangle = [0.414, 0.538, 0.846, 1.157]$. We combine independent information from two methods on the full shape of redshift distributions: optical and near-infrared photometry within an improved Self-Organizing Map $p(z)$ (SOMPZ) framework, and cross-correlations with spectroscopic galaxy clustering measurements (WZ), which we demonstrate to be consistent both in terms of the redshift calibration itself and in terms of resulting cosmological constraints within 0.1$σ$. We describe the process used to produce an ensemble of redshift distributions that account for several known sources of uncertainty. Among these, imperfection in the calibration sample due to the lack of faint, representative spectra is the dominant factor. The final uncertainty on mean redshift in each bin is $σ_{\langle z\rangle} = [0.012, 0.008,0.009, 0.024]$. We ensure the robustness of the redshift distributions by leveraging new image simulations and a cross-check with galaxy shape information via the shear ratio (SR) method.
title Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Results: Redshift Calibration of the Weak Lensing Source Galaxies
topic Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.23566