Cover Image

ZTF25abjmnps (AT2025ulz) and S250818k: A Candidate Superkilonova from a Sub-threshold Sub-Solar Gravitational Wave Trigger

Fuente: arXiv

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Kasliwal, Mansi M., Ahumada, Tomas, Stein, Robert, Karambelkar, Viraj, Hall, Xander J., Singh, Avinash, Fremling, Christoffer, Metzger, Brian D., Bulla, Mattia, Swain, Vishwajeet, Antier, Sarah, Pillas, Marion, Busmann, Malte, Freeburn, James, Karpov, Sergey, Bochenek, Aleksandra, O'Connor, Brendan, Perley, Daniel A., Akl, Dalya, Anand, Shreya, Toivonen, Andrew, Rose, Sam, Laz, Theophile Jegou du, Liu, Chang, Das, Kaustav, Chaudhary, Sushant Sharma, Barna, Tyler, Saikia, Aditya Pawan, Andreoni, Igor, Bellm, Eric C., Bhalerao, Varun, Cenko, S. Bradley, Coughlin, Michael W., Gruen, Daniel, Kasen, Daniel, Miller, Adam A., Nissanke, Samaya, Palmese, Antonella, Sollerman, Jesper, Sravan, Niharika, Anupama, G. C., Banerjee, Smaranika, Barway, Sudhanshu, Bloom, Joshua S., Cabrera, Tomas, Chen, Tracy, Copperwheat, Chris, Corsi, Alessandra, Dekany, Richard, Earley, Nicholas, Graham, Matthew, Hello, Patrice, Helou, George, Hu, Lei, Kini, Yves, Mahabal, Ashish, Masci, Frank, Mohan, Tanishk, Pletskova, Natalya, Purdum, Josiah, Qin, Yu-Jing, Rehemtulla, Nabeel, Salgundi, Anirudh, Wang, Yuankun
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2025
Subjects:	High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

_version_	1866918201336528896
author	Kasliwal, Mansi M. Ahumada, Tomas Stein, Robert Karambelkar, Viraj Hall, Xander J. Singh, Avinash Fremling, Christoffer Metzger, Brian D. Bulla, Mattia Swain, Vishwajeet Antier, Sarah Pillas, Marion Busmann, Malte Freeburn, James Karpov, Sergey Bochenek, Aleksandra O'Connor, Brendan Perley, Daniel A. Akl, Dalya Anand, Shreya Toivonen, Andrew Rose, Sam Laz, Theophile Jegou du Liu, Chang Das, Kaustav Chaudhary, Sushant Sharma Barna, Tyler Saikia, Aditya Pawan Andreoni, Igor Bellm, Eric C. Bhalerao, Varun Cenko, S. Bradley Coughlin, Michael W. Gruen, Daniel Kasen, Daniel Miller, Adam A. Nissanke, Samaya Palmese, Antonella Sollerman, Jesper Sravan, Niharika Anupama, G. C. Banerjee, Smaranika Barway, Sudhanshu Bloom, Joshua S. Cabrera, Tomas Chen, Tracy Copperwheat, Chris Corsi, Alessandra Dekany, Richard Earley, Nicholas Graham, Matthew Hello, Patrice Helou, George Hu, Lei Kini, Yves Mahabal, Ashish Masci, Frank Mohan, Tanishk Pletskova, Natalya Purdum, Josiah Qin, Yu-Jing Rehemtulla, Nabeel Salgundi, Anirudh Wang, Yuankun
author_facet	Kasliwal, Mansi M. Ahumada, Tomas Stein, Robert Karambelkar, Viraj Hall, Xander J. Singh, Avinash Fremling, Christoffer Metzger, Brian D. Bulla, Mattia Swain, Vishwajeet Antier, Sarah Pillas, Marion Busmann, Malte Freeburn, James Karpov, Sergey Bochenek, Aleksandra O'Connor, Brendan Perley, Daniel A. Akl, Dalya Anand, Shreya Toivonen, Andrew Rose, Sam Laz, Theophile Jegou du Liu, Chang Das, Kaustav Chaudhary, Sushant Sharma Barna, Tyler Saikia, Aditya Pawan Andreoni, Igor Bellm, Eric C. Bhalerao, Varun Cenko, S. Bradley Coughlin, Michael W. Gruen, Daniel Kasen, Daniel Miller, Adam A. Nissanke, Samaya Palmese, Antonella Sollerman, Jesper Sravan, Niharika Anupama, G. C. Banerjee, Smaranika Barway, Sudhanshu Bloom, Joshua S. Cabrera, Tomas Chen, Tracy Copperwheat, Chris Corsi, Alessandra Dekany, Richard Earley, Nicholas Graham, Matthew Hello, Patrice Helou, George Hu, Lei Kini, Yves Mahabal, Ashish Masci, Frank Mohan, Tanishk Pletskova, Natalya Purdum, Josiah Qin, Yu-Jing Rehemtulla, Nabeel Salgundi, Anirudh Wang, Yuankun
contents	On August 18, 2025, the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration reported gravitational waves from a sub-threshold binary neutron star merger. If astrophysical, this event would have a surprisingly low chirp mass, suggesting that at least one neutron star was below a solar mass. The Zwicky Transient Facility mapped the coarse localization and discovered a transient, ZTF25abjmnps (AT2025ulz), that was spatially and temporally coincident with the gravitational wave trigger. The first week of follow-up suggested properties reminiscent of a GW170817-like kilonova. Subsequent follow-up suggests properties most similar to a young, stripped-envelope, Type IIb supernova. Although we cannot statistically rule out chance coincidence, we undertake due diligence analysis to explore the possible association between ZTF25abjmnps and S250818k. Theoretical models have been proposed wherein sub-solar neutron star(s) may form (and subsequently merge) via accretion disk fragmentation or core fission inside a core-collapse supernova i.e. a ``superkilonova". Here, we qualitatively discuss our multi-wavelength dataset in the context of the superkilonova picture. Future higher significance gravitational wave detections of sub-solar neutron star mergers with extensive electromagnetic follow-up would conclusively resolve this tantalizing multi-messenger association.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_23732
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2025
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	ZTF25abjmnps (AT2025ulz) and S250818k: A Candidate Superkilonova from a Sub-threshold Sub-Solar Gravitational Wave Trigger Kasliwal, Mansi M. Ahumada, Tomas Stein, Robert Karambelkar, Viraj Hall, Xander J. Singh, Avinash Fremling, Christoffer Metzger, Brian D. Bulla, Mattia Swain, Vishwajeet Antier, Sarah Pillas, Marion Busmann, Malte Freeburn, James Karpov, Sergey Bochenek, Aleksandra O'Connor, Brendan Perley, Daniel A. Akl, Dalya Anand, Shreya Toivonen, Andrew Rose, Sam Laz, Theophile Jegou du Liu, Chang Das, Kaustav Chaudhary, Sushant Sharma Barna, Tyler Saikia, Aditya Pawan Andreoni, Igor Bellm, Eric C. Bhalerao, Varun Cenko, S. Bradley Coughlin, Michael W. Gruen, Daniel Kasen, Daniel Miller, Adam A. Nissanke, Samaya Palmese, Antonella Sollerman, Jesper Sravan, Niharika Anupama, G. C. Banerjee, Smaranika Barway, Sudhanshu Bloom, Joshua S. Cabrera, Tomas Chen, Tracy Copperwheat, Chris Corsi, Alessandra Dekany, Richard Earley, Nicholas Graham, Matthew Hello, Patrice Helou, George Hu, Lei Kini, Yves Mahabal, Ashish Masci, Frank Mohan, Tanishk Pletskova, Natalya Purdum, Josiah Qin, Yu-Jing Rehemtulla, Nabeel Salgundi, Anirudh Wang, Yuankun High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics On August 18, 2025, the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration reported gravitational waves from a sub-threshold binary neutron star merger. If astrophysical, this event would have a surprisingly low chirp mass, suggesting that at least one neutron star was below a solar mass. The Zwicky Transient Facility mapped the coarse localization and discovered a transient, ZTF25abjmnps (AT2025ulz), that was spatially and temporally coincident with the gravitational wave trigger. The first week of follow-up suggested properties reminiscent of a GW170817-like kilonova. Subsequent follow-up suggests properties most similar to a young, stripped-envelope, Type IIb supernova. Although we cannot statistically rule out chance coincidence, we undertake due diligence analysis to explore the possible association between ZTF25abjmnps and S250818k. Theoretical models have been proposed wherein sub-solar neutron star(s) may form (and subsequently merge) via accretion disk fragmentation or core fission inside a core-collapse supernova i.e. a ``superkilonova". Here, we qualitatively discuss our multi-wavelength dataset in the context of the superkilonova picture. Future higher significance gravitational wave detections of sub-solar neutron star mergers with extensive electromagnetic follow-up would conclusively resolve this tantalizing multi-messenger association.
title	ZTF25abjmnps (AT2025ulz) and S250818k: A Candidate Superkilonova from a Sub-threshold Sub-Solar Gravitational Wave Trigger
topic	High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.23732