Six binary brown dwarf candidates identified by microlensing
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Han, Cheongho Lee, Chung-Uk Bond, Ian A. Udalski, Andrzej Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Jung, Youn Kil Hwang, Kyu-Ha Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Shvartzvald, Yossi Shin, In-Gu Yee, Jennifer C. Zang, Weicheng Yang, Hongjing Cha, Sang-Mok Kim, Doeon Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Seung-Lee Lee, Dong-Joo Lee, Yongseok Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. Mróz, Przemek Szymański, Michał K. Skowron, Jan Poleski, Radosław Soszyński, Igor Pietrukowicz, Paweł Kozłowski, Szymon Rybicki, Krzysztof A. Iwanek, Patryk Ulaczyk, Krzysztof Wrona, Marcin Gromadzki, Mariusz Jaroszyński, Mateusz J. Mróz Michał Kiraga, Marcin Abe, Fumio Bennett, David P. Bhattacharya, Aparna Fukui, Akihiko Hamada, Ryusei Silva, Stela Ishitani Hirao, Yuki Idei, Asahi Miyazaki, Shota Muraki, Yasushi Nagai, Tutumi Nunota, Kansuke Olmschenk, Greg Ranc, Clément Rattenbury, Nicholas J. Satoh, Yuki Sumi, Takahiro Suzuki, Daisuke Tamaoki, Takuto Terry, Sean K. Tristram, Paul J. Vandorou, Aikaterini Yama, Hibiki |
| author_facet | Han, Cheongho Lee, Chung-Uk Bond, Ian A. Udalski, Andrzej Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Jung, Youn Kil Hwang, Kyu-Ha Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Shvartzvald, Yossi Shin, In-Gu Yee, Jennifer C. Zang, Weicheng Yang, Hongjing Cha, Sang-Mok Kim, Doeon Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Seung-Lee Lee, Dong-Joo Lee, Yongseok Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. Mróz, Przemek Szymański, Michał K. Skowron, Jan Poleski, Radosław Soszyński, Igor Pietrukowicz, Paweł Kozłowski, Szymon Rybicki, Krzysztof A. Iwanek, Patryk Ulaczyk, Krzysztof Wrona, Marcin Gromadzki, Mariusz Jaroszyński, Mateusz J. Mróz Michał Kiraga, Marcin Abe, Fumio Bennett, David P. Bhattacharya, Aparna Fukui, Akihiko Hamada, Ryusei Silva, Stela Ishitani Hirao, Yuki Idei, Asahi Miyazaki, Shota Muraki, Yasushi Nagai, Tutumi Nunota, Kansuke Olmschenk, Greg Ranc, Clément Rattenbury, Nicholas J. Satoh, Yuki Sumi, Takahiro Suzuki, Daisuke Tamaoki, Takuto Terry, Sean K. Tristram, Paul J. Vandorou, Aikaterini Yama, Hibiki |
| contents | In this study, we analyze microlensing events from the 2023 and 2024 observing seasons to identify cases likely caused by binary systems composed of BDs. By applying criteria that the binary-lens events exhibit well-resolved caustics, short time scales ($t_{\rm E} \lesssim 9$ days), and have small angular Einstein radii ($θ_{\rm E} \lesssim 0.17$~mas), we identify six candidate binary BD events: MOA-2023-BLG-331, KMT-2023-BLG-2019, KMT-2024-BLG-1005, KMT-2024-BLG-1518, MOA-2024-BLG-181, and KMT-2024-BLG-2486. Analysis of these events leads to models that provide precise estimates for both lensing observables, $t_{\rm E}$ and $θ_{\rm E}$. We estimate the masses of the binary components through Bayesian analysis, utilizing the constraints from $t_{\rm E}$ and $θ_{\rm E}$. The results show that for the events KMT-2024-BLG-1005, KMT-2024-BLG-1518, MOA-2024-BLG-181, and KMT-2024-BLG-2486, the probability that both binary components lie within the BD mass range exceeds 50\%, indicating a high likelihood that the lenses of these events are binary BDs. In contrast, for MOA-2023-BLG-331L and KMT-2023-BLG-2019L, the probabilities that the lower-mass components of the binary lenses lie within the BD mass range exceed 50\%, while the probabilities for the heavier components are below 50\%, suggesting that these systems are more likely to consist of a low-mass M dwarf and a BD. The brown-dwarf nature of the binary candidates can ultimately be confirmed by combining the measured lens-source relative proper motions with high-resolution imaging taken at a later time. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_23933 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Six binary brown dwarf candidates identified by microlensing Han, Cheongho Lee, Chung-Uk Bond, Ian A. Udalski, Andrzej Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Jung, Youn Kil Hwang, Kyu-Ha Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Shvartzvald, Yossi Shin, In-Gu Yee, Jennifer C. Zang, Weicheng Yang, Hongjing Cha, Sang-Mok Kim, Doeon Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Seung-Lee Lee, Dong-Joo Lee, Yongseok Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. Mróz, Przemek Szymański, Michał K. Skowron, Jan Poleski, Radosław Soszyński, Igor Pietrukowicz, Paweł Kozłowski, Szymon Rybicki, Krzysztof A. Iwanek, Patryk Ulaczyk, Krzysztof Wrona, Marcin Gromadzki, Mariusz Jaroszyński, Mateusz J. Mróz Michał Kiraga, Marcin Abe, Fumio Bennett, David P. Bhattacharya, Aparna Fukui, Akihiko Hamada, Ryusei Silva, Stela Ishitani Hirao, Yuki Idei, Asahi Miyazaki, Shota Muraki, Yasushi Nagai, Tutumi Nunota, Kansuke Olmschenk, Greg Ranc, Clément Rattenbury, Nicholas J. Satoh, Yuki Sumi, Takahiro Suzuki, Daisuke Tamaoki, Takuto Terry, Sean K. Tristram, Paul J. Vandorou, Aikaterini Yama, Hibiki Solar and Stellar Astrophysics In this study, we analyze microlensing events from the 2023 and 2024 observing seasons to identify cases likely caused by binary systems composed of BDs. By applying criteria that the binary-lens events exhibit well-resolved caustics, short time scales ($t_{\rm E} \lesssim 9$ days), and have small angular Einstein radii ($θ_{\rm E} \lesssim 0.17$~mas), we identify six candidate binary BD events: MOA-2023-BLG-331, KMT-2023-BLG-2019, KMT-2024-BLG-1005, KMT-2024-BLG-1518, MOA-2024-BLG-181, and KMT-2024-BLG-2486. Analysis of these events leads to models that provide precise estimates for both lensing observables, $t_{\rm E}$ and $θ_{\rm E}$. We estimate the masses of the binary components through Bayesian analysis, utilizing the constraints from $t_{\rm E}$ and $θ_{\rm E}$. The results show that for the events KMT-2024-BLG-1005, KMT-2024-BLG-1518, MOA-2024-BLG-181, and KMT-2024-BLG-2486, the probability that both binary components lie within the BD mass range exceeds 50\%, indicating a high likelihood that the lenses of these events are binary BDs. In contrast, for MOA-2023-BLG-331L and KMT-2023-BLG-2019L, the probabilities that the lower-mass components of the binary lenses lie within the BD mass range exceed 50\%, while the probabilities for the heavier components are below 50\%, suggesting that these systems are more likely to consist of a low-mass M dwarf and a BD. The brown-dwarf nature of the binary candidates can ultimately be confirmed by combining the measured lens-source relative proper motions with high-resolution imaging taken at a later time. |
| title | Six binary brown dwarf candidates identified by microlensing |
| topic | Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.23933 |