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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.26561 |
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| _version_ | 1866911242413670400 |
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| author | Wang, Yibo Wang, Tingui Huang, Shifeng Zhu, Jiazheng Jiang, Ning Lu, Wenbin Shen, Rongfeng Zhong, Shiyan Lai, Dong Yang, Yi Shu, Xinwen Xia, Tianyu Luo, Di Lyu, Jianwei Brink, Thomas Filippenko, Alex Zheng, Weikang Cai, Minxuan Xu, Zelin Wu, Mingxin Zhang, Xiaer Wu, Weiyu Fan, Lulu Jiang, Ji-an Kong, Xu Li, Bin Lin, Feng Liang, Ming Luo, Wentao Tang, Jinlong Wan, Zhen Wang, Hairen Wang, Jian Xue, Yongquan Yao, Dazhi Zhang, Hongfei Zhao, Wen Zheng, Xianzhong Zhu, Qingfeng Zuo, Yingxi |
| author_facet | Wang, Yibo Wang, Tingui Huang, Shifeng Zhu, Jiazheng Jiang, Ning Lu, Wenbin Shen, Rongfeng Zhong, Shiyan Lai, Dong Yang, Yi Shu, Xinwen Xia, Tianyu Luo, Di Lyu, Jianwei Brink, Thomas Filippenko, Alex Zheng, Weikang Cai, Minxuan Xu, Zelin Wu, Mingxin Zhang, Xiaer Wu, Weiyu Fan, Lulu Jiang, Ji-an Kong, Xu Li, Bin Lin, Feng Liang, Ming Luo, Wentao Tang, Jinlong Wan, Zhen Wang, Hairen Wang, Jian Xue, Yongquan Yao, Dazhi Zhang, Hongfei Zhao, Wen Zheng, Xianzhong Zhu, Qingfeng Zuo, Yingxi |
| contents | Stars on bound orbits around a supermassive black hole may undergo repeated partial tidal disruption events (rpTDEs), producing periodic flares. While several candidates have been suggested, definitive confirmation of these events remains elusive. We report the discovery of AT2023uqm, a nuclear transient that has exhibited at least five periodic optical flares, making it only the second confirmed case of periodicity after ASASSN-14ko. Uniquely, the flares from AT2023uqm show a nearly exponential increase in energy--a "runaway" phenomenon signaling the star's progressive destruction. This behavior is consistent with rpTDEs of low-mass, main-sequence stars or evolved giant stars. Multiwavelength observations and spectroscopic analysis of the two most recent flares reinforce its interpretation as an rpTDE. Intriguingly, each flare displays a similar double-peaked structure, potentially originating from a double-peaked mass fallback rate or two discrete collisions per orbit. The extreme ratio of peak separation to orbital period draws attention to the possibility of a giant star being disrupted, which could be distinguished from a low-mass main-sequence star by its future mass-loss evolution. Our analysis demonstrates the power of rpTDEs to probe the properties of disrupted stars and the physical processes of tidal disruption, though it is currently limited by our knowledge of these events. AT2023uqm emerges as the most compelling rpTDE thus far, serving as a crucial framework for modeling and understanding these phenomena. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_26561 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A Star's Death by a Thousand Cuts: The Runaway Periodic Eruptions of AT2023uqm Wang, Yibo Wang, Tingui Huang, Shifeng Zhu, Jiazheng Jiang, Ning Lu, Wenbin Shen, Rongfeng Zhong, Shiyan Lai, Dong Yang, Yi Shu, Xinwen Xia, Tianyu Luo, Di Lyu, Jianwei Brink, Thomas Filippenko, Alex Zheng, Weikang Cai, Minxuan Xu, Zelin Wu, Mingxin Zhang, Xiaer Wu, Weiyu Fan, Lulu Jiang, Ji-an Kong, Xu Li, Bin Lin, Feng Liang, Ming Luo, Wentao Tang, Jinlong Wan, Zhen Wang, Hairen Wang, Jian Xue, Yongquan Yao, Dazhi Zhang, Hongfei Zhao, Wen Zheng, Xianzhong Zhu, Qingfeng Zuo, Yingxi High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Stars on bound orbits around a supermassive black hole may undergo repeated partial tidal disruption events (rpTDEs), producing periodic flares. While several candidates have been suggested, definitive confirmation of these events remains elusive. We report the discovery of AT2023uqm, a nuclear transient that has exhibited at least five periodic optical flares, making it only the second confirmed case of periodicity after ASASSN-14ko. Uniquely, the flares from AT2023uqm show a nearly exponential increase in energy--a "runaway" phenomenon signaling the star's progressive destruction. This behavior is consistent with rpTDEs of low-mass, main-sequence stars or evolved giant stars. Multiwavelength observations and spectroscopic analysis of the two most recent flares reinforce its interpretation as an rpTDE. Intriguingly, each flare displays a similar double-peaked structure, potentially originating from a double-peaked mass fallback rate or two discrete collisions per orbit. The extreme ratio of peak separation to orbital period draws attention to the possibility of a giant star being disrupted, which could be distinguished from a low-mass main-sequence star by its future mass-loss evolution. Our analysis demonstrates the power of rpTDEs to probe the properties of disrupted stars and the physical processes of tidal disruption, though it is currently limited by our knowledge of these events. AT2023uqm emerges as the most compelling rpTDE thus far, serving as a crucial framework for modeling and understanding these phenomena. |
| title | A Star's Death by a Thousand Cuts: The Runaway Periodic Eruptions of AT2023uqm |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.26561 |