Non-uniqueness of positive solutions for supercritical semilinear heat equations without scale invariance

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Hisa, Kotaro, Miyamoto, Yasuhito
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Hisa, Kotaro
Miyamoto, Yasuhito
author_facet Hisa, Kotaro
Miyamoto, Yasuhito
contents We establish nonuniqueness of solutions for Cauchy problems of semilinear heat equations with a wide class of nonlinearities. Specifically, we consider \[ \begin{cases} \partial_tu-Δu=f(u), & x\in\mathbb{R}^N,\ t>0,\\ u(x,0)=u_0(x), & x\in\mathbb{R}^N, \end{cases} \] where $N>2$. We assume that the growth rate of $f$ is less than the Joseph-Lundgren exponent for $N>10$ and it satisfies certain assumptions guaranteeing a positive radial singular stationary solution $u^*$. We prove that if $u_0=u^*$, then the problem has at least two positive solutions, namely $u^*$ and $u(t)$ which satisfies $u(t)\in L_{loc}^{\infty}(0,t_0;L^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^N))$ for some $t_0>0$ and $$ u(t)\to u^*\quad\text{in}\ L^γ_{ul}(\mathbb{R}^N)\quad\text{as}\ t\to 0^+ $$ for $1\le γ<N(p_f-1)/2$, where $p_f:=\lim_{u\to\infty}uf'(u)/f(u)$ is a growth rate of $f$. Hence, nonuniqueness problem can be reduced to the existence problem of a positive radial singular stationary solution. The method of construction of $u(t)$ is based on the monotonicity argument. Transformations of forward self-similar solutions for $f(u)=u^p$ and $e^u$ play a crucial role.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2510_27098
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Non-uniqueness of positive solutions for supercritical semilinear heat equations without scale invariance
Hisa, Kotaro
Miyamoto, Yasuhito
Analysis of PDEs
35K15, 35A02, 35A21, 35B44
We establish nonuniqueness of solutions for Cauchy problems of semilinear heat equations with a wide class of nonlinearities. Specifically, we consider \[ \begin{cases} \partial_tu-Δu=f(u), & x\in\mathbb{R}^N,\ t>0,\\ u(x,0)=u_0(x), & x\in\mathbb{R}^N, \end{cases} \] where $N>2$. We assume that the growth rate of $f$ is less than the Joseph-Lundgren exponent for $N>10$ and it satisfies certain assumptions guaranteeing a positive radial singular stationary solution $u^*$. We prove that if $u_0=u^*$, then the problem has at least two positive solutions, namely $u^*$ and $u(t)$ which satisfies $u(t)\in L_{loc}^{\infty}(0,t_0;L^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^N))$ for some $t_0>0$ and $$ u(t)\to u^*\quad\text{in}\ L^γ_{ul}(\mathbb{R}^N)\quad\text{as}\ t\to 0^+ $$ for $1\le γ<N(p_f-1)/2$, where $p_f:=\lim_{u\to\infty}uf'(u)/f(u)$ is a growth rate of $f$. Hence, nonuniqueness problem can be reduced to the existence problem of a positive radial singular stationary solution. The method of construction of $u(t)$ is based on the monotonicity argument. Transformations of forward self-similar solutions for $f(u)=u^p$ and $e^u$ play a crucial role.
title Non-uniqueness of positive solutions for supercritical semilinear heat equations without scale invariance
topic Analysis of PDEs
35K15, 35A02, 35A21, 35B44
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.27098