High-order cumulants and correlation functions near the critical point from molecular dynamics

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kuznietsov, Volodymyr A., Poberezhniuk, Roman, Gorenstein, Mark I., Koch, Volker, Vovchenko, Volodymyr
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866911252914110464
author Kuznietsov, Volodymyr A.
Poberezhniuk, Roman
Gorenstein, Mark I.
Koch, Volker
Vovchenko, Volodymyr
author_facet Kuznietsov, Volodymyr A.
Poberezhniuk, Roman
Gorenstein, Mark I.
Koch, Volker
Vovchenko, Volodymyr
contents We present a systematic investigation of particle number fluctuations in the crossover region near the critical endpoint of a first-order phase transition using molecular dynamics simulations of the classical Lennard-Jones fluid. We extend our prior studies to third- and fourth-order cumulants in both coordinate- and momentum-space acceptances and integrated correlation functions (factorial cumulants). We find that, even near the critical point, non-Gaussian cumulants equilibrate on time scales comparable to those of the second-order cumulants, but show stronger finite-size effects. The presence of interactions and of the critical point leads to strong deviations of the cumulants from the ideal-gas baseline in coordinate space; these deviations are expected to persist in momentum space in the presence of collective expansion. In particular, the kurtosis becomes strongly negative, $κσ^2 \ll -1$, on the crossover side of the critical point. However, this signal is significantly diluted once an efficiency cut used to distinguish protons from baryons is applied, leading to $|κσ^2| \lesssim 1$ even in the presence of the critical point. We discuss our results in the context of ongoing measurements of proton number cumulants in heavy-ion collisions in RHIC-BES-II.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_00755
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle High-order cumulants and correlation functions near the critical point from molecular dynamics
Kuznietsov, Volodymyr A.
Poberezhniuk, Roman
Gorenstein, Mark I.
Koch, Volker
Vovchenko, Volodymyr
Nuclear Theory
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
We present a systematic investigation of particle number fluctuations in the crossover region near the critical endpoint of a first-order phase transition using molecular dynamics simulations of the classical Lennard-Jones fluid. We extend our prior studies to third- and fourth-order cumulants in both coordinate- and momentum-space acceptances and integrated correlation functions (factorial cumulants). We find that, even near the critical point, non-Gaussian cumulants equilibrate on time scales comparable to those of the second-order cumulants, but show stronger finite-size effects. The presence of interactions and of the critical point leads to strong deviations of the cumulants from the ideal-gas baseline in coordinate space; these deviations are expected to persist in momentum space in the presence of collective expansion. In particular, the kurtosis becomes strongly negative, $κσ^2 \ll -1$, on the crossover side of the critical point. However, this signal is significantly diluted once an efficiency cut used to distinguish protons from baryons is applied, leading to $|κσ^2| \lesssim 1$ even in the presence of the critical point. We discuss our results in the context of ongoing measurements of proton number cumulants in heavy-ion collisions in RHIC-BES-II.
title High-order cumulants and correlation functions near the critical point from molecular dynamics
topic Nuclear Theory
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.00755