The images of Brans-Dicke-Kerr type naked singularities
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866912770394423296 |
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| author | Long, Fen Deng, Weike Qin, Xin Chen, Songbai Jing, Jiliang |
| author_facet | Long, Fen Deng, Weike Qin, Xin Chen, Songbai Jing, Jiliang |
| contents | We have studied the images of the Brans-Dicke-Kerr spacetime with a dimensionless Brans-Dicke parameter $ω$, which belongs to axisymmetric rotating solutions in the Brans-Dicke theory. Our results show that the Brans-Dicke-Kerr spacetime with the parameter $ω>-3/2$ represents naked singularities with distinct structures. For the case with $a \leq M$, the shadow in the Brans-Dicke-Kerr spacetime persists, gradually becomes flatter and smaller as $ω$ decreases. Especially when $ω<1/2$, the shadow in the image exhibit a very special ``jellyfish" shape and possesses a self-similar fractal structure. For the case with $a > M$, a distinct gray region consisting of two separate patches appears in the image observed by equatorial observers. This indicating that the Brans-Dicke-Kerr spacetime can be distinguished from the Kerr and Kerr-de Sitter cases based on its image. These effects of the Brans-Dicke parameter could help us to reveal the intrinsic structure of the Brans-Dicke-Kerr spacetimes and provide a foundation for testing Brans-Dicke theory through future high-precision observations. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_01478 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The images of Brans-Dicke-Kerr type naked singularities Long, Fen Deng, Weike Qin, Xin Chen, Songbai Jing, Jiliang General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology We have studied the images of the Brans-Dicke-Kerr spacetime with a dimensionless Brans-Dicke parameter $ω$, which belongs to axisymmetric rotating solutions in the Brans-Dicke theory. Our results show that the Brans-Dicke-Kerr spacetime with the parameter $ω>-3/2$ represents naked singularities with distinct structures. For the case with $a \leq M$, the shadow in the Brans-Dicke-Kerr spacetime persists, gradually becomes flatter and smaller as $ω$ decreases. Especially when $ω<1/2$, the shadow in the image exhibit a very special ``jellyfish" shape and possesses a self-similar fractal structure. For the case with $a > M$, a distinct gray region consisting of two separate patches appears in the image observed by equatorial observers. This indicating that the Brans-Dicke-Kerr spacetime can be distinguished from the Kerr and Kerr-de Sitter cases based on its image. These effects of the Brans-Dicke parameter could help us to reveal the intrinsic structure of the Brans-Dicke-Kerr spacetimes and provide a foundation for testing Brans-Dicke theory through future high-precision observations. |
| title | The images of Brans-Dicke-Kerr type naked singularities |
| topic | General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.01478 |