The complicated nature of the X-ray emission from the field of the strongly lensed hyperluminous infrared galaxy PJ1053+60 at z=3.549
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866909885656989696 |
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| author | Diaz, Carlos Garcia Wang, Q. Daniel Harrington, Kevin C. Lowenthal, James D. Kamieneski, Patrick S. Jimenez-Andrade, Eric F. Foo, Nicholas Yun, Min S. Frye, Brenda L. Zhou, Dazhi Vishwas, Amit Yoon, Ilsang Pampliega, Belen Alcalde Liu, Daizhong Pascale, Massimo |
| author_facet | Diaz, Carlos Garcia Wang, Q. Daniel Harrington, Kevin C. Lowenthal, James D. Kamieneski, Patrick S. Jimenez-Andrade, Eric F. Foo, Nicholas Yun, Min S. Frye, Brenda L. Zhou, Dazhi Vishwas, Amit Yoon, Ilsang Pampliega, Belen Alcalde Liu, Daizhong Pascale, Massimo |
| contents | We present an analysis of XMM-Newton X-ray observations of PJ1053+60, a hyperluminous infrared galaxy (HyLIRG) at z=3.549 that is strongly lensed by a foreground group at z=0.837. We also present GNIRS spectroscopy confirming the presence of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) to the southwest of PJ1053+60 ($AGN_{SW}$) at $z_{SW}$ = 1.373 $\pm$ 0.006. Using this redshift prior, we decompose the X-ray spectrum of PJ1053+60 into $AGN_{SW}$ and high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) components from the HyLIRG. The HMXB component has an unusually high luminosity, $\sim$ 50 times higher than calibration derived from local galaxies, and a characteristic photon index likely too flat to be caused by high-mass X-ray binaries at rest frame energies above a few keV. Our 2-D spatial decomposition also suggests a similarly high X-ray HMXB luminosity, although the limited spatial resolution prevents meaningful morphological constraints on the component. We conclude that the enhanced X-ray emission may only be explained by the presence of another AGN ($AGN_{FG}$) embedded in the foreground group lensing the PJ1053+60 system. The presence of $AGN_{FG}$ is further supported by the detection of a point-like radio continuum source that coincides with the brightest group galaxy (BGG) of the foreground lens. Our study demonstrates the limited capability of current X-ray observatories while highlighting the need for higher angular resolution observations to definitively characterize the nature of X-ray emission in distant, strongly lensed HyLIRGs. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_02037 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The complicated nature of the X-ray emission from the field of the strongly lensed hyperluminous infrared galaxy PJ1053+60 at z=3.549 Diaz, Carlos Garcia Wang, Q. Daniel Harrington, Kevin C. Lowenthal, James D. Kamieneski, Patrick S. Jimenez-Andrade, Eric F. Foo, Nicholas Yun, Min S. Frye, Brenda L. Zhou, Dazhi Vishwas, Amit Yoon, Ilsang Pampliega, Belen Alcalde Liu, Daizhong Pascale, Massimo High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena We present an analysis of XMM-Newton X-ray observations of PJ1053+60, a hyperluminous infrared galaxy (HyLIRG) at z=3.549 that is strongly lensed by a foreground group at z=0.837. We also present GNIRS spectroscopy confirming the presence of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) to the southwest of PJ1053+60 ($AGN_{SW}$) at $z_{SW}$ = 1.373 $\pm$ 0.006. Using this redshift prior, we decompose the X-ray spectrum of PJ1053+60 into $AGN_{SW}$ and high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) components from the HyLIRG. The HMXB component has an unusually high luminosity, $\sim$ 50 times higher than calibration derived from local galaxies, and a characteristic photon index likely too flat to be caused by high-mass X-ray binaries at rest frame energies above a few keV. Our 2-D spatial decomposition also suggests a similarly high X-ray HMXB luminosity, although the limited spatial resolution prevents meaningful morphological constraints on the component. We conclude that the enhanced X-ray emission may only be explained by the presence of another AGN ($AGN_{FG}$) embedded in the foreground group lensing the PJ1053+60 system. The presence of $AGN_{FG}$ is further supported by the detection of a point-like radio continuum source that coincides with the brightest group galaxy (BGG) of the foreground lens. Our study demonstrates the limited capability of current X-ray observatories while highlighting the need for higher angular resolution observations to definitively characterize the nature of X-ray emission in distant, strongly lensed HyLIRGs. |
| title | The complicated nature of the X-ray emission from the field of the strongly lensed hyperluminous infrared galaxy PJ1053+60 at z=3.549 |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.02037 |