APA (7th ed.) Citation

Liu, X., Xu, M., & Zhang, L. (2025). Second-Order Optimality Conditions for Nonsmooth Constrained Optimization with Applications to Bilevel Programming.

Chicago Style (17th ed.) Citation

Liu, Xiang, Mengwei Xu, and Liwei Zhang. Second-Order Optimality Conditions for Nonsmooth Constrained Optimization with Applications to Bilevel Programming. 2025.

MLA (9th ed.) Citation

Liu, Xiang, et al. Second-Order Optimality Conditions for Nonsmooth Constrained Optimization with Applications to Bilevel Programming. 2025.