_version_ 1866915608450301952
author Dong, Yize
Villar, V. Ashley
Nugent, Anya
Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
Foley, Ryan J.
Gall, Christa
Gallegos-Garcia, Monica
Ransome, Conor
Sedgewick, Aidan
Tsuna, Daichi
Valenti, Stefano
Abunemeh, Henna
Andrews, Moira
Auchettl, Katie
Bostroem, K. Azalee
Coulter, David A.
de Boer, Thomas
de Soto, Kaylee
Farias, Diego A.
Farah, Joseph
Frostig, Danielle
Gao, Hua
Gagliano, Alex
Hoang, Emily
Howell, D. Andrew
Hoogendam, Willem B.
Huber, Mark E.
Jones, David O.
Lin, Chien-Cheng
Lundquist, Michael
McCully, Curtis
Mehta, Darshana
Piro, Anthony L.
Ravi, Aravind P.
Retamal, Nicolás Meza
Rojas-Bravo, César
Yadavalli, S. Karthik
Wang, Qinan
author_facet Dong, Yize
Villar, V. Ashley
Nugent, Anya
Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
Foley, Ryan J.
Gall, Christa
Gallegos-Garcia, Monica
Ransome, Conor
Sedgewick, Aidan
Tsuna, Daichi
Valenti, Stefano
Abunemeh, Henna
Andrews, Moira
Auchettl, Katie
Bostroem, K. Azalee
Coulter, David A.
de Boer, Thomas
de Soto, Kaylee
Farias, Diego A.
Farah, Joseph
Frostig, Danielle
Gao, Hua
Gagliano, Alex
Hoang, Emily
Howell, D. Andrew
Hoogendam, Willem B.
Huber, Mark E.
Jones, David O.
Lin, Chien-Cheng
Lundquist, Michael
McCully, Curtis
Mehta, Darshana
Piro, Anthony L.
Ravi, Aravind P.
Retamal, Nicolás Meza
Rojas-Bravo, César
Yadavalli, S. Karthik
Wang, Qinan
contents In this paper, we first present observations of SN~2024acyl, a normal Type Ibn supernova with a large projected offset ($\sim$35~kpc) from its host galaxy. The low star-formation rate measured at the explosion site raises the possibility that the progenitor of SN~2024acyl may not have been a massive star. We then examine, more broadly, the spectral diversity of Type Ibn supernovae around 20--35 days after peak brightness and identify two distinct groups: Group I, which shows bluer rest-frame optical color and narrower He~I emission lines; and Group II, which shows redder rest-frame optical color and broader He~I lines. Group~I also tends to show higher peak luminosities. The diversity we identify appears to be closely connected to the diversity observed around peak and to persist into late phases ($>80$ days after peak). Given its redder color and broader He~I lines, we classify SN~2024acyl as belonging to Group II. Based on the current dataset, we find no clear connection between this spectral diversity and either the host environments of Type Ibn SNe or their pre-explosion activity. The observed diversity in Type Ibn SNe likely reflects differences in circumstellar material properties and/or explosion energetics. These differences could result from a range of progenitor properties, such as different helium star mass, orbital period and companion type if they are in binary systems, and may indicate fundamentally diverse progenitors. Whether a continuous distribution exists between the two groups remains to be determined and will require further data to explore.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_03926
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Spectral Diversity in Type Ibn Supernovae and the Large Host Offset of SN2024acyl
Dong, Yize
Villar, V. Ashley
Nugent, Anya
Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
Foley, Ryan J.
Gall, Christa
Gallegos-Garcia, Monica
Ransome, Conor
Sedgewick, Aidan
Tsuna, Daichi
Valenti, Stefano
Abunemeh, Henna
Andrews, Moira
Auchettl, Katie
Bostroem, K. Azalee
Coulter, David A.
de Boer, Thomas
de Soto, Kaylee
Farias, Diego A.
Farah, Joseph
Frostig, Danielle
Gao, Hua
Gagliano, Alex
Hoang, Emily
Howell, D. Andrew
Hoogendam, Willem B.
Huber, Mark E.
Jones, David O.
Lin, Chien-Cheng
Lundquist, Michael
McCully, Curtis
Mehta, Darshana
Piro, Anthony L.
Ravi, Aravind P.
Retamal, Nicolás Meza
Rojas-Bravo, César
Yadavalli, S. Karthik
Wang, Qinan
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
In this paper, we first present observations of SN~2024acyl, a normal Type Ibn supernova with a large projected offset ($\sim$35~kpc) from its host galaxy. The low star-formation rate measured at the explosion site raises the possibility that the progenitor of SN~2024acyl may not have been a massive star. We then examine, more broadly, the spectral diversity of Type Ibn supernovae around 20--35 days after peak brightness and identify two distinct groups: Group I, which shows bluer rest-frame optical color and narrower He~I emission lines; and Group II, which shows redder rest-frame optical color and broader He~I lines. Group~I also tends to show higher peak luminosities. The diversity we identify appears to be closely connected to the diversity observed around peak and to persist into late phases ($>80$ days after peak). Given its redder color and broader He~I lines, we classify SN~2024acyl as belonging to Group II. Based on the current dataset, we find no clear connection between this spectral diversity and either the host environments of Type Ibn SNe or their pre-explosion activity. The observed diversity in Type Ibn SNe likely reflects differences in circumstellar material properties and/or explosion energetics. These differences could result from a range of progenitor properties, such as different helium star mass, orbital period and companion type if they are in binary systems, and may indicate fundamentally diverse progenitors. Whether a continuous distribution exists between the two groups remains to be determined and will require further data to explore.
title Spectral Diversity in Type Ibn Supernovae and the Large Host Offset of SN2024acyl
topic High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.03926