Scaffolding Metacognition in Programming Education: Understanding Student-AI Interactions and Design Implications
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866911251220660224 |
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| author | Ma, Boxuan Li, Huiyong Li, Gen Chen, Li Tang, Cheng Xie, Yinjie Gu, Chenghao Shimada, Atsushi Konomi, Shin'ichi |
| author_facet | Ma, Boxuan Li, Huiyong Li, Gen Chen, Li Tang, Cheng Xie, Yinjie Gu, Chenghao Shimada, Atsushi Konomi, Shin'ichi |
| contents | Generative AI tools such as ChatGPT now provide novice programmers with unprecedented access to instant, personalized support. While this holds clear promise, their influence on students' metacognitive processes remains underexplored. Existing work has largely focused on correctness and usability, with limited attention to whether and how students' use of AI assistants supports or bypasses key metacognitive processes. This study addresses that gap by analyzing student-AI interactions through a metacognitive lens in university-level programming courses. We examined more than 10,000 dialogue logs collected over three years, complemented by surveys of students and educators. Our analysis focused on how prompts and responses aligned with metacognitive phases and strategies. Synthesizing these findings across data sources, we distill design considerations for AI-powered coding assistants that aim to support rather than supplant metacognitive engagement. Our findings provide guidance for developing educational AI tools that strengthen students' learning processes in programming education. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_04144 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Scaffolding Metacognition in Programming Education: Understanding Student-AI Interactions and Design Implications Ma, Boxuan Li, Huiyong Li, Gen Chen, Li Tang, Cheng Xie, Yinjie Gu, Chenghao Shimada, Atsushi Konomi, Shin'ichi Human-Computer Interaction Artificial Intelligence Generative AI tools such as ChatGPT now provide novice programmers with unprecedented access to instant, personalized support. While this holds clear promise, their influence on students' metacognitive processes remains underexplored. Existing work has largely focused on correctness and usability, with limited attention to whether and how students' use of AI assistants supports or bypasses key metacognitive processes. This study addresses that gap by analyzing student-AI interactions through a metacognitive lens in university-level programming courses. We examined more than 10,000 dialogue logs collected over three years, complemented by surveys of students and educators. Our analysis focused on how prompts and responses aligned with metacognitive phases and strategies. Synthesizing these findings across data sources, we distill design considerations for AI-powered coding assistants that aim to support rather than supplant metacognitive engagement. Our findings provide guidance for developing educational AI tools that strengthen students' learning processes in programming education. |
| title | Scaffolding Metacognition in Programming Education: Understanding Student-AI Interactions and Design Implications |
| topic | Human-Computer Interaction Artificial Intelligence |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.04144 |