Regret Lower Bounds for Decentralized Multi-Agent Stochastic Shortest Path Problems

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Hauptverfasser: Chavan, Utkarsh U., Trivedi, Prashant, Hemachandra, Nandyala
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Chavan, Utkarsh U.
Trivedi, Prashant
Hemachandra, Nandyala
author_facet Chavan, Utkarsh U.
Trivedi, Prashant
Hemachandra, Nandyala
contents Multi-agent systems (MAS) are central to applications such as swarm robotics and traffic routing, where agents must coordinate in a decentralized manner to achieve a common objective. Stochastic Shortest Path (SSP) problems provide a natural framework for modeling decentralized control in such settings. While the problem of learning in SSP has been extensively studied in single-agent settings, the decentralized multi-agent variant remains largely unexplored. In this work, we take a step towards addressing that gap. We study decentralized multi-agent SSPs (Dec-MASSPs) under linear function approximation, where the transition dynamics and costs are represented using linear models. Applying novel symmetry-based arguments, we identify the structure of optimal policies. Our main contribution is the first regret lower bound for this setting based on the construction of hard-to-learn instances for any number of agents, $n$. Our regret lower bound of $Ω(\sqrt{K})$, over $K$ episodes, highlights the inherent learning difficulty in Dec-MASSPs. These insights clarify the learning complexity of decentralized control and can further guide the design of efficient learning algorithms in multi-agent systems.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_04594
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Regret Lower Bounds for Decentralized Multi-Agent Stochastic Shortest Path Problems
Chavan, Utkarsh U.
Trivedi, Prashant
Hemachandra, Nandyala
Machine Learning
Multiagent Systems
Multi-agent systems (MAS) are central to applications such as swarm robotics and traffic routing, where agents must coordinate in a decentralized manner to achieve a common objective. Stochastic Shortest Path (SSP) problems provide a natural framework for modeling decentralized control in such settings. While the problem of learning in SSP has been extensively studied in single-agent settings, the decentralized multi-agent variant remains largely unexplored. In this work, we take a step towards addressing that gap. We study decentralized multi-agent SSPs (Dec-MASSPs) under linear function approximation, where the transition dynamics and costs are represented using linear models. Applying novel symmetry-based arguments, we identify the structure of optimal policies. Our main contribution is the first regret lower bound for this setting based on the construction of hard-to-learn instances for any number of agents, $n$. Our regret lower bound of $Ω(\sqrt{K})$, over $K$ episodes, highlights the inherent learning difficulty in Dec-MASSPs. These insights clarify the learning complexity of decentralized control and can further guide the design of efficient learning algorithms in multi-agent systems.
title Regret Lower Bounds for Decentralized Multi-Agent Stochastic Shortest Path Problems
topic Machine Learning
Multiagent Systems
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.04594