Hunting for Extragalactic Axion-like Dark Matter in a Decade-long Blazar Optical Polarimetry

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Huang, Qiu-Ju, Wang, Bao, Wei, Jun-Jie, Wu, Xue-Feng
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866908638431412224
author Huang, Qiu-Ju
Wang, Bao
Wei, Jun-Jie
Wu, Xue-Feng
author_facet Huang, Qiu-Ju
Wang, Bao
Wei, Jun-Jie
Wu, Xue-Feng
contents Axions or axion-like particles (ALPs) are well-motivated dark matter (DM) candidates whose coupling to photons induces periodic oscillations in the polarization angle of astrophysical light. This work reports the first search for such a signature using ten years of optical polarimetric monitoring of the blazar 1ES 1959+650. No statistically significant periodicity is detected using a Lomb-Scargle periodogram and Monte Carlo analysis. Assuming a central DM density in the host galaxy, this null result places tight upper limits on the ALP-photon coupling constant at $g_{aγ}<(5.8 \times 10^{-14}-1.8\times 10^{-10})\,\mathrm{GeV}^{-1}$ across a broad ALP mass range of $m_a \sim (1.4\times10^{-23}-5.2\times10^{-20})\,\mathrm{eV}$. Our constraints surpass those from Very Long Baseline Array polarimetry of active galactic jets and are competitive with those from long-term Galactic pulsar timing of PSR J0437-4715 over the same ALP mass window. These results establish long-term blazar polarimetry as a competitive and complementary approach for probing axion-like DM on extragalactic scales.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_05839
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Hunting for Extragalactic Axion-like Dark Matter in a Decade-long Blazar Optical Polarimetry
Huang, Qiu-Ju
Wang, Bao
Wei, Jun-Jie
Wu, Xue-Feng
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Axions or axion-like particles (ALPs) are well-motivated dark matter (DM) candidates whose coupling to photons induces periodic oscillations in the polarization angle of astrophysical light. This work reports the first search for such a signature using ten years of optical polarimetric monitoring of the blazar 1ES 1959+650. No statistically significant periodicity is detected using a Lomb-Scargle periodogram and Monte Carlo analysis. Assuming a central DM density in the host galaxy, this null result places tight upper limits on the ALP-photon coupling constant at $g_{aγ}<(5.8 \times 10^{-14}-1.8\times 10^{-10})\,\mathrm{GeV}^{-1}$ across a broad ALP mass range of $m_a \sim (1.4\times10^{-23}-5.2\times10^{-20})\,\mathrm{eV}$. Our constraints surpass those from Very Long Baseline Array polarimetry of active galactic jets and are competitive with those from long-term Galactic pulsar timing of PSR J0437-4715 over the same ALP mass window. These results establish long-term blazar polarimetry as a competitive and complementary approach for probing axion-like DM on extragalactic scales.
title Hunting for Extragalactic Axion-like Dark Matter in a Decade-long Blazar Optical Polarimetry
topic High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.05839