Grothendieck's proof of Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch theorem

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1. Verfasser: Graziani, Giacomo
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Graziani, Giacomo
author_facet Graziani, Giacomo
contents The Riemann-Roch Theorem is one of the cornerstones of algebraic geometry, connecting algebraic data (sheaf cohomology) with geometric ones (intersection theory). This survey paper provides a self-contained introduction and a complete proof of the Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch (HRR) Theorem for smooth projective varieties over an algebraically closed field. Starting from the classical formulations for curves and surfaces, we introduce the two modern tools necessary for the generalization: the Grothendieck group $K_{0}(X)$ as the natural setting for the Euler characteristic, and the Chow ring $A_{\bullet}(X)$ as the setting for cycles and intersection theory. We then construct the fundamental bridge between these two worlds\textemdash the Chern character ($\mathrm{ch}$) and the Todd class ($\mathrm{td}$) \textemdash culminating in a full proof of the HRR formula: \[ χ(X,\mathcal{E})=\int_{X}\mathrm{ch}(\mathcal{E})\cdot\mathrm{td}(X) \] We conclude by showing how this general formula recovers the classical theorems for curves and surfaces.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_06880
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Grothendieck's proof of Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch theorem
Graziani, Giacomo
Algebraic Geometry
Commutative Algebra
The Riemann-Roch Theorem is one of the cornerstones of algebraic geometry, connecting algebraic data (sheaf cohomology) with geometric ones (intersection theory). This survey paper provides a self-contained introduction and a complete proof of the Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch (HRR) Theorem for smooth projective varieties over an algebraically closed field. Starting from the classical formulations for curves and surfaces, we introduce the two modern tools necessary for the generalization: the Grothendieck group $K_{0}(X)$ as the natural setting for the Euler characteristic, and the Chow ring $A_{\bullet}(X)$ as the setting for cycles and intersection theory. We then construct the fundamental bridge between these two worlds\textemdash the Chern character ($\mathrm{ch}$) and the Todd class ($\mathrm{td}$) \textemdash culminating in a full proof of the HRR formula: \[ χ(X,\mathcal{E})=\int_{X}\mathrm{ch}(\mathcal{E})\cdot\mathrm{td}(X) \] We conclude by showing how this general formula recovers the classical theorems for curves and surfaces.
title Grothendieck's proof of Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch theorem
topic Algebraic Geometry
Commutative Algebra
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.06880