Characterizing TESS-Identified Quadruple and Higher Order Eclipsing Binaries: I. Speckle Imaging with DSSI and HRCam
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Majewski, Steven R. Davidson Jr., James W. Wilson, Robert F. Horch, Elliott P. McKee, Paul M. Fagan, Evan Hartwell, Gabriel N. Kostov, Veselin B. Adams, Cassiopeia N. Sutherland, Torrie Tokovinin, Andrei Wilson, John C. |
| author_facet | Majewski, Steven R. Davidson Jr., James W. Wilson, Robert F. Horch, Elliott P. McKee, Paul M. Fagan, Evan Hartwell, Gabriel N. Kostov, Veselin B. Adams, Cassiopeia N. Sutherland, Torrie Tokovinin, Andrei Wilson, John C. |
| contents | NASA's TESS mission has unveiled a plethora of eclipsing binaries (EBs), among them hundreds of triples and higher order, hierarchical systems. These complex targets require follow-up observations to enable full characterization of system architectures and identify the most compact multiples expected to undergo the most dramatic dynamical evolution. We report first results from a long-term effort to perform such follow-up, focusing here on multi-band speckle imaging of a majority, 57, of the sample of 97 quadruple and higher order eclipsing binaries (Q+EBs) identified via TESS light curves by V. B. Kostov et al. (2022). Diffraction-limited imaging with the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument (DSSI) on the ARC 3.5-meter telescope and HRCam on the SOAR 4.1-m telescope reveals nearly 60% of the 57 to resolve into two sources separated by $\geq$ 0.03 arcseconds. For these partly resolved systems, we report derived characteristics (e.g., relative position angle, angular separation, and magnitude differences in multiple passbands) from the speckle imaging. We find those Q+EBs partly resolved with 4-m class telescopes to have significantly inflated Gaia parallax errors and large Gaia RUWE, particularly for systems with separations comparable to Gaia's resolution limit (~0.6 arcseconds). For unresolved systems we report upper limits on angular and linear projected separations. We find two partly resolved Q+EBs with wide linear separations having eclipse timing variations that are therefore candidates of higher than quadruple multiplicity. Finally, we demonstrate how speckle imaging of resolved Q+EBs during an eclipse can clarify which speckle-resolved Q+EB subsystem is associated with a particular set of TESS eclipses. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_07554 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Characterizing TESS-Identified Quadruple and Higher Order Eclipsing Binaries: I. Speckle Imaging with DSSI and HRCam Majewski, Steven R. Davidson Jr., James W. Wilson, Robert F. Horch, Elliott P. McKee, Paul M. Fagan, Evan Hartwell, Gabriel N. Kostov, Veselin B. Adams, Cassiopeia N. Sutherland, Torrie Tokovinin, Andrei Wilson, John C. Solar and Stellar Astrophysics NASA's TESS mission has unveiled a plethora of eclipsing binaries (EBs), among them hundreds of triples and higher order, hierarchical systems. These complex targets require follow-up observations to enable full characterization of system architectures and identify the most compact multiples expected to undergo the most dramatic dynamical evolution. We report first results from a long-term effort to perform such follow-up, focusing here on multi-band speckle imaging of a majority, 57, of the sample of 97 quadruple and higher order eclipsing binaries (Q+EBs) identified via TESS light curves by V. B. Kostov et al. (2022). Diffraction-limited imaging with the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument (DSSI) on the ARC 3.5-meter telescope and HRCam on the SOAR 4.1-m telescope reveals nearly 60% of the 57 to resolve into two sources separated by $\geq$ 0.03 arcseconds. For these partly resolved systems, we report derived characteristics (e.g., relative position angle, angular separation, and magnitude differences in multiple passbands) from the speckle imaging. We find those Q+EBs partly resolved with 4-m class telescopes to have significantly inflated Gaia parallax errors and large Gaia RUWE, particularly for systems with separations comparable to Gaia's resolution limit (~0.6 arcseconds). For unresolved systems we report upper limits on angular and linear projected separations. We find two partly resolved Q+EBs with wide linear separations having eclipse timing variations that are therefore candidates of higher than quadruple multiplicity. Finally, we demonstrate how speckle imaging of resolved Q+EBs during an eclipse can clarify which speckle-resolved Q+EB subsystem is associated with a particular set of TESS eclipses. |
| title | Characterizing TESS-Identified Quadruple and Higher Order Eclipsing Binaries: I. Speckle Imaging with DSSI and HRCam |
| topic | Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.07554 |