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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.07747 |
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| _version_ | 1866915611752267776 |
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| author | Hiraishi, Masaya Hunter-Smith, Gabrielle A. King, Gavin G. G. Turrini, Alexandra A. Soh, J. -R. Rønnow, Henrik M. Trainor, Luke S. Longdell, Jevon J. |
| author_facet | Hiraishi, Masaya Hunter-Smith, Gabrielle A. King, Gavin G. G. Turrini, Alexandra A. Soh, J. -R. Rønnow, Henrik M. Trainor, Luke S. Longdell, Jevon J. |
| contents | We characterise optical transitions of neodymium ions (Nd3+) in antiferromagnetic neodymium gallate (NdGaO3) with applied fields up to 3 T. The magnetic phase of this material has not previously been studied with the field along its magnetisation axis. The measured optical spectra indicate three magnetic phases -- antiferromagnetic, intermediate, and paramagnetic -- where the intermediate phase likely forms a different magnetic structure from typical spin-flop phases. The observed absorptions were classified into two distinct families of optical transitions: single-Nd and two-Nd absorptions. We demonstrate that the optical transitions in the antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases can be modelled using a standard single-ion crystal-field Hamiltonian that interacts with a mean magnetisation from the rest of the lattice, and we expand that model to encompass pairs of ions, explaining the origins of the two-Nd transitions. This study offers a deeper understanding of the optical transitions in rare-earth antiferromagnetic crystals, which have been recently attracting significant interest for microwave-to-optical quantum transduction, despite being relatively unexplored to date. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_07747 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Optical spectroscopy of single- and two-ion transitions in an antiferromagnetic stoichiometric rare-earth crystal Hiraishi, Masaya Hunter-Smith, Gabrielle A. King, Gavin G. G. Turrini, Alexandra A. Soh, J. -R. Rønnow, Henrik M. Trainor, Luke S. Longdell, Jevon J. Quantum Physics We characterise optical transitions of neodymium ions (Nd3+) in antiferromagnetic neodymium gallate (NdGaO3) with applied fields up to 3 T. The magnetic phase of this material has not previously been studied with the field along its magnetisation axis. The measured optical spectra indicate three magnetic phases -- antiferromagnetic, intermediate, and paramagnetic -- where the intermediate phase likely forms a different magnetic structure from typical spin-flop phases. The observed absorptions were classified into two distinct families of optical transitions: single-Nd and two-Nd absorptions. We demonstrate that the optical transitions in the antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases can be modelled using a standard single-ion crystal-field Hamiltonian that interacts with a mean magnetisation from the rest of the lattice, and we expand that model to encompass pairs of ions, explaining the origins of the two-Nd transitions. This study offers a deeper understanding of the optical transitions in rare-earth antiferromagnetic crystals, which have been recently attracting significant interest for microwave-to-optical quantum transduction, despite being relatively unexplored to date. |
| title | Optical spectroscopy of single- and two-ion transitions in an antiferromagnetic stoichiometric rare-earth crystal |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.07747 |