Expandable and Differentiable Dual Memories with Orthogonal Regularization for Exemplar-free Continual Learning

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Moon, Hyung-Jun, Cho, Sung-Bae
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Moon, Hyung-Jun
Cho, Sung-Bae
author_facet Moon, Hyung-Jun
Cho, Sung-Bae
contents Continual learning methods used to force neural networks to process sequential tasks in isolation, preventing them from leveraging useful inter-task relationships and causing them to repeatedly relearn similar features or overly differentiate them. To address this problem, we propose a fully differentiable, exemplar-free expandable method composed of two complementary memories: One learns common features that can be used across all tasks, and the other combines the shared features to learn discriminative characteristics unique to each sample. Both memories are differentiable so that the network can autonomously learn latent representations for each sample. For each task, the memory adjustment module adaptively prunes critical slots and minimally expands capacity to accommodate new concepts, and orthogonal regularization enforces geometric separation between preserved and newly learned memory components to prevent interference. Experiments on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and Tiny-ImageNet show that the proposed method outperforms 14 state-of-the-art methods for class-incremental learning, achieving final accuracies of 55.13\%, 37.24\%, and 30.11\%, respectively. Additional analysis confirms that, through effective integration and utilization of knowledge, the proposed method can increase average performance across sequential tasks, and it produces feature extraction results closest to the upper bound, thus establishing a new milestone in continual learning.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_09871
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Expandable and Differentiable Dual Memories with Orthogonal Regularization for Exemplar-free Continual Learning
Moon, Hyung-Jun
Cho, Sung-Bae
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Continual learning methods used to force neural networks to process sequential tasks in isolation, preventing them from leveraging useful inter-task relationships and causing them to repeatedly relearn similar features or overly differentiate them. To address this problem, we propose a fully differentiable, exemplar-free expandable method composed of two complementary memories: One learns common features that can be used across all tasks, and the other combines the shared features to learn discriminative characteristics unique to each sample. Both memories are differentiable so that the network can autonomously learn latent representations for each sample. For each task, the memory adjustment module adaptively prunes critical slots and minimally expands capacity to accommodate new concepts, and orthogonal regularization enforces geometric separation between preserved and newly learned memory components to prevent interference. Experiments on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and Tiny-ImageNet show that the proposed method outperforms 14 state-of-the-art methods for class-incremental learning, achieving final accuracies of 55.13\%, 37.24\%, and 30.11\%, respectively. Additional analysis confirms that, through effective integration and utilization of knowledge, the proposed method can increase average performance across sequential tasks, and it produces feature extraction results closest to the upper bound, thus establishing a new milestone in continual learning.
title Expandable and Differentiable Dual Memories with Orthogonal Regularization for Exemplar-free Continual Learning
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.09871