Analytical Nuclear Gradients for the Multiconfigurational Self-Consistent Field Method Coupled with the Polarizable Fluctuating Charges Model

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Main Authors: Mazza, Francesco, Trinari, Marco, Sepali, Chiara, Cappelli, Chiara
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Mazza, Francesco
Trinari, Marco
Sepali, Chiara
Cappelli, Chiara
author_facet Mazza, Francesco
Trinari, Marco
Sepali, Chiara
Cappelli, Chiara
contents The multiscale model combining the multiconfigurational self-consistent field (MCSCF) method with the fully atomistic polarizable Fluctuating Charges (FQ) force field (J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2024, 20, 9954-9967) is here extended to the calculation of analytical nuclear gradients. The gradients are derived from first principles, implemented in the OpenMolcas package, and validated against numerical references. The resulting MCSCF/FQ nuclear gradients are employed to simulate vibronic absorption spectra of aromatic molecules in aqueous solution, namely benzene and phenol. By integrating this approach with molecular dynamics simulations, both solute conformational flexibility and the dynamical aspects of solvation are properly captured. The computed spectra reproduce experimental profiles and relative band intensities with remarkable accuracy, demonstrating the capability of the MCSCF/FQ model to simultaneously describe the multireference character of the solute and its interaction with the solvent environment.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_10295
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Analytical Nuclear Gradients for the Multiconfigurational Self-Consistent Field Method Coupled with the Polarizable Fluctuating Charges Model
Mazza, Francesco
Trinari, Marco
Sepali, Chiara
Cappelli, Chiara
Chemical Physics
The multiscale model combining the multiconfigurational self-consistent field (MCSCF) method with the fully atomistic polarizable Fluctuating Charges (FQ) force field (J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2024, 20, 9954-9967) is here extended to the calculation of analytical nuclear gradients. The gradients are derived from first principles, implemented in the OpenMolcas package, and validated against numerical references. The resulting MCSCF/FQ nuclear gradients are employed to simulate vibronic absorption spectra of aromatic molecules in aqueous solution, namely benzene and phenol. By integrating this approach with molecular dynamics simulations, both solute conformational flexibility and the dynamical aspects of solvation are properly captured. The computed spectra reproduce experimental profiles and relative band intensities with remarkable accuracy, demonstrating the capability of the MCSCF/FQ model to simultaneously describe the multireference character of the solute and its interaction with the solvent environment.
title Analytical Nuclear Gradients for the Multiconfigurational Self-Consistent Field Method Coupled with the Polarizable Fluctuating Charges Model
topic Chemical Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.10295