TEMPO: Global Temporal Building Density and Height Estimation from Satellite Imagery
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866917083163394048 |
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| author | Glazer, Tammy Hacheme, Gilles Q. Zaytar, Akram Marotti, Luana Michaels, Amy Tadesse, Girmaw Abebe White, Kevin Dodhia, Rahul Zolli, Andrew Becker-Reshef, Inbal Ferres, Juan M. Lavista Robinson, Caleb |
| author_facet | Glazer, Tammy Hacheme, Gilles Q. Zaytar, Akram Marotti, Luana Michaels, Amy Tadesse, Girmaw Abebe White, Kevin Dodhia, Rahul Zolli, Andrew Becker-Reshef, Inbal Ferres, Juan M. Lavista Robinson, Caleb |
| contents | We present TEMPO, a global, temporally resolved dataset of building density and height derived from high-resolution satellite imagery using deep learning models. We pair building footprint and height data from existing datasets with quarterly PlanetScope basemap satellite images to train a multi-task deep learning model that predicts building density and building height at a 37.6-meter per pixel resolution. We apply this model to global PlanetScope basemaps from Q1 2018 through Q2 2025 to create global, temporal maps of building density and height. We validate these maps by comparing against existing building footprint datasets. Our estimates achieve an F1 score between 85% and 88% on different hand-labeled subsets, and are temporally stable, with a 0.96 five-year trend-consistency score. TEMPO captures quarterly changes in built settlements at a fraction of the computational cost of comparable approaches, unlocking large-scale monitoring of development patterns and climate impacts essential for global resilience and adaptation efforts. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_12104 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | TEMPO: Global Temporal Building Density and Height Estimation from Satellite Imagery Glazer, Tammy Hacheme, Gilles Q. Zaytar, Akram Marotti, Luana Michaels, Amy Tadesse, Girmaw Abebe White, Kevin Dodhia, Rahul Zolli, Andrew Becker-Reshef, Inbal Ferres, Juan M. Lavista Robinson, Caleb Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Machine Learning We present TEMPO, a global, temporally resolved dataset of building density and height derived from high-resolution satellite imagery using deep learning models. We pair building footprint and height data from existing datasets with quarterly PlanetScope basemap satellite images to train a multi-task deep learning model that predicts building density and building height at a 37.6-meter per pixel resolution. We apply this model to global PlanetScope basemaps from Q1 2018 through Q2 2025 to create global, temporal maps of building density and height. We validate these maps by comparing against existing building footprint datasets. Our estimates achieve an F1 score between 85% and 88% on different hand-labeled subsets, and are temporally stable, with a 0.96 five-year trend-consistency score. TEMPO captures quarterly changes in built settlements at a fraction of the computational cost of comparable approaches, unlocking large-scale monitoring of development patterns and climate impacts essential for global resilience and adaptation efforts. |
| title | TEMPO: Global Temporal Building Density and Height Estimation from Satellite Imagery |
| topic | Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Machine Learning |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.12104 |