High frame rate RIXS spectroscopy using a JUNGFRAU detector with an iLGAD sensor

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Main Authors: Duarte, Nuno, Guyader, Loïc Le, Hinger, Viktoria, Ramilli, Marco, Schlappa, Justine, Carley, Robert, Carulla, Maria, Chang, Yi-Ping, Chopra, Devesh, Gerasimova, Natalia, Grimes, Michael, Mozzanica, Aldo, Parchenko, Sergii, Hoang, Le Phuong, Staub, Urs, Zhang, Jiaguo, Bergamaschi, Anna, Scherz, Andreas, Schmitt, Bernd, Turcato, Monica
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Duarte, Nuno
Guyader, Loïc Le
Hinger, Viktoria
Ramilli, Marco
Schlappa, Justine
Carley, Robert
Carulla, Maria
Chang, Yi-Ping
Chopra, Devesh
Gerasimova, Natalia
Grimes, Michael
Mozzanica, Aldo
Parchenko, Sergii
Hoang, Le Phuong
Staub, Urs
Zhang, Jiaguo
Bergamaschi, Anna
Scherz, Andreas
Schmitt, Bernd
Turcato, Monica
author_facet Duarte, Nuno
Guyader, Loïc Le
Hinger, Viktoria
Ramilli, Marco
Schlappa, Justine
Carley, Robert
Carulla, Maria
Chang, Yi-Ping
Chopra, Devesh
Gerasimova, Natalia
Grimes, Michael
Mozzanica, Aldo
Parchenko, Sergii
Hoang, Le Phuong
Staub, Urs
Zhang, Jiaguo
Bergamaschi, Anna
Scherz, Andreas
Schmitt, Bernd
Turcato, Monica
contents Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) is a powerful photon-in, photon-out spectroscopy technique for probing electronic, magnetic, and lattice excitations in matter. Time-resolved RIXS extends this capability through a stroboscopic optical pump-probe scheme to characterize the time evolution of the photoexcitation and subsequent relaxation dynamics of a sample. This technique is, however, extremely photon-hungry, requiring high-repetition-rate and intense X-ray facilities. The Heisenberg RIXS (hRIXS) spectrometer at the Spectroscopy and Coherent Scattering (SCS) instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) is designed to exploit high-repetition-rates, while maintaining optimal time and energy resolution. In this work, we demonstrate the successful deployment of a JUNGFRAU detector equipped with an inverse Low Gain Avalanche Diode (iLGAD) sensor for time-resolved RIXS studies in the soft X-ray range, using the hRIXS spectrometer. A spatial resolution of $19.71 \pm 0.7~μ\mathrm{m}$ and a resolving power exceeding 10,000 were achieved at an unprecedented frame rate of 47 kHz. Intra-train resolved data measured with a high FEL peak fluence of $1.8~\mathrm{mJ/cm^{2}}$ for a 928.5 eV ph photon energy and 1.1 MHz repetition rate from cupric oxide (CuO) revealed a decrease in the emitted signal by ~10% over a time interval of $340~μ\mathrm{s}$, indicating FEL-induced effects that require monitoring when conducting high-repetition-rate experiments. These results establish the JUNGFRAU-iLGAD as a promising detector to harvest the full potential of the hRIXS spectrometer, and validate its suitability for soft X-ray applications.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_12314
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle High frame rate RIXS spectroscopy using a JUNGFRAU detector with an iLGAD sensor
Duarte, Nuno
Guyader, Loïc Le
Hinger, Viktoria
Ramilli, Marco
Schlappa, Justine
Carley, Robert
Carulla, Maria
Chang, Yi-Ping
Chopra, Devesh
Gerasimova, Natalia
Grimes, Michael
Mozzanica, Aldo
Parchenko, Sergii
Hoang, Le Phuong
Staub, Urs
Zhang, Jiaguo
Bergamaschi, Anna
Scherz, Andreas
Schmitt, Bernd
Turcato, Monica
Instrumentation and Detectors
Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) is a powerful photon-in, photon-out spectroscopy technique for probing electronic, magnetic, and lattice excitations in matter. Time-resolved RIXS extends this capability through a stroboscopic optical pump-probe scheme to characterize the time evolution of the photoexcitation and subsequent relaxation dynamics of a sample. This technique is, however, extremely photon-hungry, requiring high-repetition-rate and intense X-ray facilities. The Heisenberg RIXS (hRIXS) spectrometer at the Spectroscopy and Coherent Scattering (SCS) instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) is designed to exploit high-repetition-rates, while maintaining optimal time and energy resolution. In this work, we demonstrate the successful deployment of a JUNGFRAU detector equipped with an inverse Low Gain Avalanche Diode (iLGAD) sensor for time-resolved RIXS studies in the soft X-ray range, using the hRIXS spectrometer. A spatial resolution of $19.71 \pm 0.7~μ\mathrm{m}$ and a resolving power exceeding 10,000 were achieved at an unprecedented frame rate of 47 kHz. Intra-train resolved data measured with a high FEL peak fluence of $1.8~\mathrm{mJ/cm^{2}}$ for a 928.5 eV ph photon energy and 1.1 MHz repetition rate from cupric oxide (CuO) revealed a decrease in the emitted signal by ~10% over a time interval of $340~μ\mathrm{s}$, indicating FEL-induced effects that require monitoring when conducting high-repetition-rate experiments. These results establish the JUNGFRAU-iLGAD as a promising detector to harvest the full potential of the hRIXS spectrometer, and validate its suitability for soft X-ray applications.
title High frame rate RIXS spectroscopy using a JUNGFRAU detector with an iLGAD sensor
topic Instrumentation and Detectors
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.12314