The Chandra Strong Lens Sample: Measuring the Dynamical States and Relaxation Fraction of a Sample of 28 Strong Lensing Selected Galaxy Clusters
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Gassis, Raven Bayliss, Matthew B. McDonald, Michael Sharon, Keren Mahler, Guillaume Gladders, Michael D. Dahle, Hakon Florian, Michael K. Rigby, Jane R. Elicker, Lauren A. Owens, M. Riley Adhikari, Prasanna Khullar, Gourav |
| author_facet | Gassis, Raven Bayliss, Matthew B. McDonald, Michael Sharon, Keren Mahler, Guillaume Gladders, Michael D. Dahle, Hakon Florian, Michael K. Rigby, Jane R. Elicker, Lauren A. Owens, M. Riley Adhikari, Prasanna Khullar, Gourav |
| contents | We present the results of our dynamical state proxy measurements performed on 28 strong lensing galaxy clusters from the Sloan Giant Arcs Survey (SGAS). Using Chandra ACIS-I/S X-ray data supplemented with HST WFC3 imaging, we measure four morphological parameters: the concentration parameter (c), asymmetry parameter (A), centroid shift (log(w)), and the X-ray-BCG centroid separation (D [kpc]). Our goals are to (A) provide a robust classification of the dynamical state of the clusters in this strong lensing selected sample to enable studies that test various problems in cluster astrophysics and observational cosmology; (B) identify correlations, biases, or disagreements between different measurement proxies and cluster properties; and (C) measure the relaxation fraction (the fraction of clusters classified as relaxed based on X-ray morphology) and compare it to relaxation fractions from cluster samples selected using other methods.
We combine the four morphological parameters into a single metric, the combined parameter M, which effectively separates the cluster sample into four dynamical state categories: relaxed; moderately relaxed; moderately disturbed; and disturbed. We find no significant trend in a cluster's dynamical state with its size, and only a weak, statistically limited dependence on mass and redshift. Based on our classification system, we find that $43\%^{+9}_{-9}$ of the clusters are relaxed, which is consistent with relaxation fractions measured for other cluster samples selected on mass-observables. This implies a strong lensing selected sample of clusters is on average dynamically similar to clusters selected via different methods. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_12707 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The Chandra Strong Lens Sample: Measuring the Dynamical States and Relaxation Fraction of a Sample of 28 Strong Lensing Selected Galaxy Clusters Gassis, Raven Bayliss, Matthew B. McDonald, Michael Sharon, Keren Mahler, Guillaume Gladders, Michael D. Dahle, Hakon Florian, Michael K. Rigby, Jane R. Elicker, Lauren A. Owens, M. Riley Adhikari, Prasanna Khullar, Gourav Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics We present the results of our dynamical state proxy measurements performed on 28 strong lensing galaxy clusters from the Sloan Giant Arcs Survey (SGAS). Using Chandra ACIS-I/S X-ray data supplemented with HST WFC3 imaging, we measure four morphological parameters: the concentration parameter (c), asymmetry parameter (A), centroid shift (log(w)), and the X-ray-BCG centroid separation (D [kpc]). Our goals are to (A) provide a robust classification of the dynamical state of the clusters in this strong lensing selected sample to enable studies that test various problems in cluster astrophysics and observational cosmology; (B) identify correlations, biases, or disagreements between different measurement proxies and cluster properties; and (C) measure the relaxation fraction (the fraction of clusters classified as relaxed based on X-ray morphology) and compare it to relaxation fractions from cluster samples selected using other methods. We combine the four morphological parameters into a single metric, the combined parameter M, which effectively separates the cluster sample into four dynamical state categories: relaxed; moderately relaxed; moderately disturbed; and disturbed. We find no significant trend in a cluster's dynamical state with its size, and only a weak, statistically limited dependence on mass and redshift. Based on our classification system, we find that $43\%^{+9}_{-9}$ of the clusters are relaxed, which is consistent with relaxation fractions measured for other cluster samples selected on mass-observables. This implies a strong lensing selected sample of clusters is on average dynamically similar to clusters selected via different methods. |
| title | The Chandra Strong Lens Sample: Measuring the Dynamical States and Relaxation Fraction of a Sample of 28 Strong Lensing Selected Galaxy Clusters |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.12707 |