SN 2016iog: A fast declining Type II-L supernova with an ultra-faint tail, persistently interacting with circumstellar material

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Peng, Z. -H., Benetti, S., Cai, Y. -Z., Pastorello, A., Valerin, G., Reguitti, A., Fiore, A., Fang, Q. -L., Wang, Z. -Y., Berton, M., Borsato, L., Cappellaro, E., Congiu, E., Elias-Rosa, N., Granata, V., Isern, J., La Mura, G., Ochner, P., Raddi, R., Terreran, G., Tomasella, L., Turatto, M., Yan, S. -Y., Pei, S. -P., Wu, C. -Y., Zha, S., Wang, X. -F., Wang, B., Pan, Y.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Peng, Z. -H.
Benetti, S.
Cai, Y. -Z.
Pastorello, A.
Valerin, G.
Reguitti, A.
Fiore, A.
Fang, Q. -L.
Wang, Z. -Y.
Berton, M.
Borsato, L.
Cappellaro, E.
Congiu, E.
Elias-Rosa, N.
Granata, V.
Isern, J.
La Mura, G.
Ochner, P.
Raddi, R.
Terreran, G.
Tomasella, L.
Turatto, M.
Yan, S. -Y.
Pei, S. -P.
Wu, C. -Y.
Zha, S.
Wang, X. -F.
Wang, B.
Pan, Y.
author_facet Peng, Z. -H.
Benetti, S.
Cai, Y. -Z.
Pastorello, A.
Valerin, G.
Reguitti, A.
Fiore, A.
Fang, Q. -L.
Wang, Z. -Y.
Berton, M.
Borsato, L.
Cappellaro, E.
Congiu, E.
Elias-Rosa, N.
Granata, V.
Isern, J.
La Mura, G.
Ochner, P.
Raddi, R.
Terreran, G.
Tomasella, L.
Turatto, M.
Yan, S. -Y.
Pei, S. -P.
Wu, C. -Y.
Zha, S.
Wang, X. -F.
Wang, B.
Pan, Y.
contents We present optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of the rapidly declining Type IIL supernova (SN) 2016iog. SN 2016iog reached its peak $\sim$ 14 days after explosion, with an absolute magnitude in the $V$ band of $-18.64 \pm 0.15$ mag, followed by a steep decline of $8.85 \pm 0.15$~mag~(100\,d)$^{-1}$ post-peak. Such a high decline rate makes SN~2016iog one of the fastest declining Type~IIL SNe observed to date. The rapid rise in the light curve, combined with the nearly featureless continuum observed in the spectrum at +9.3 days, suggests the presence of interaction. In the recombination phase, we observed broad H$α$ lines that persist at all epochs. In addition, the prominent double-peaked H$α$ feature observed in the late-time spectrum (+190.8 days) is likely attributable either to significant dust formation within a cool dense shell or to asymmetric circumstellar material. These features suggest the presence of sustained interaction around SN~2016iog. We propose that the observed characteristics of SN~2016iog can be qualitatively explained by assuming a low-mass H-rich envelope surrounding a red supergiant progenitor star with low-density circumstellar material.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_12929
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle SN 2016iog: A fast declining Type II-L supernova with an ultra-faint tail, persistently interacting with circumstellar material
Peng, Z. -H.
Benetti, S.
Cai, Y. -Z.
Pastorello, A.
Valerin, G.
Reguitti, A.
Fiore, A.
Fang, Q. -L.
Wang, Z. -Y.
Berton, M.
Borsato, L.
Cappellaro, E.
Congiu, E.
Elias-Rosa, N.
Granata, V.
Isern, J.
La Mura, G.
Ochner, P.
Raddi, R.
Terreran, G.
Tomasella, L.
Turatto, M.
Yan, S. -Y.
Pei, S. -P.
Wu, C. -Y.
Zha, S.
Wang, X. -F.
Wang, B.
Pan, Y.
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Astrophysics of Galaxies
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
We present optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of the rapidly declining Type IIL supernova (SN) 2016iog. SN 2016iog reached its peak $\sim$ 14 days after explosion, with an absolute magnitude in the $V$ band of $-18.64 \pm 0.15$ mag, followed by a steep decline of $8.85 \pm 0.15$~mag~(100\,d)$^{-1}$ post-peak. Such a high decline rate makes SN~2016iog one of the fastest declining Type~IIL SNe observed to date. The rapid rise in the light curve, combined with the nearly featureless continuum observed in the spectrum at +9.3 days, suggests the presence of interaction. In the recombination phase, we observed broad H$α$ lines that persist at all epochs. In addition, the prominent double-peaked H$α$ feature observed in the late-time spectrum (+190.8 days) is likely attributable either to significant dust formation within a cool dense shell or to asymmetric circumstellar material. These features suggest the presence of sustained interaction around SN~2016iog. We propose that the observed characteristics of SN~2016iog can be qualitatively explained by assuming a low-mass H-rich envelope surrounding a red supergiant progenitor star with low-density circumstellar material.
title SN 2016iog: A fast declining Type II-L supernova with an ultra-faint tail, persistently interacting with circumstellar material
topic Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Astrophysics of Galaxies
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.12929