Monolithic Units: Actuation, Sensing, and Simulation for Integrated Soft Robot Design

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Exley, Trevor, Nardin, Anderson Brazil, Trunin, Petr, Cafiso, Diana, Beccai, Lucia
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Exley, Trevor
Nardin, Anderson Brazil
Trunin, Petr
Cafiso, Diana
Beccai, Lucia
author_facet Exley, Trevor
Nardin, Anderson Brazil
Trunin, Petr
Cafiso, Diana
Beccai, Lucia
contents This work introduces the Monolithic Unit (MU), an actuator-lattice-sensor building block for soft robotics. The MU integrates pneumatic actuation, a compliant lattice envelope, and candidate sites for optical waveguide sensing into a single printed body. In order to study reproducibility and scalability, a parametric design framework establishes deterministic rules linking actuator chamber dimensions to lattice unit cell size. Experimental homogenization of lattice specimens provides effective material properties for finite element simulation. Within this simulation environment, sensor placement is treated as a discrete optimization problem, where a finite set of candidate waveguide paths derived from lattice nodes is evaluated by introducing local stiffening, and the configuration minimizing deviation from baseline mechanical response is selected. Optimized models are fabricated and experimentally characterized, validating the preservation of mechanical performance while enabling embedded sensing. The workflow is further extended to scaled units and a two-finger gripper, demonstrating generality of the MU concept. This approach advances monolithic soft robotic design by combining reproducible co-design rules with simulation-informed sensor integration.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_13120
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Monolithic Units: Actuation, Sensing, and Simulation for Integrated Soft Robot Design
Exley, Trevor
Nardin, Anderson Brazil
Trunin, Petr
Cafiso, Diana
Beccai, Lucia
Robotics
This work introduces the Monolithic Unit (MU), an actuator-lattice-sensor building block for soft robotics. The MU integrates pneumatic actuation, a compliant lattice envelope, and candidate sites for optical waveguide sensing into a single printed body. In order to study reproducibility and scalability, a parametric design framework establishes deterministic rules linking actuator chamber dimensions to lattice unit cell size. Experimental homogenization of lattice specimens provides effective material properties for finite element simulation. Within this simulation environment, sensor placement is treated as a discrete optimization problem, where a finite set of candidate waveguide paths derived from lattice nodes is evaluated by introducing local stiffening, and the configuration minimizing deviation from baseline mechanical response is selected. Optimized models are fabricated and experimentally characterized, validating the preservation of mechanical performance while enabling embedded sensing. The workflow is further extended to scaled units and a two-finger gripper, demonstrating generality of the MU concept. This approach advances monolithic soft robotic design by combining reproducible co-design rules with simulation-informed sensor integration.
title Monolithic Units: Actuation, Sensing, and Simulation for Integrated Soft Robot Design
topic Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.13120