Damping of phonons in one-dimensional quantum fluids
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arXiv
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866917085790076928 |
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| author | Cataldini, Federica Bazhan, Nataliia Sabino, João Schüttelkopf, Philipp Tajik, Mohammadamin Møller, Frederik S. Ji, Si-Cong Erne, Sebastian Mazets, Igor Schmiedmayer, Jörg |
| author_facet | Cataldini, Federica Bazhan, Nataliia Sabino, João Schüttelkopf, Philipp Tajik, Mohammadamin Møller, Frederik S. Ji, Si-Cong Erne, Sebastian Mazets, Igor Schmiedmayer, Jörg |
| contents | Collective excitations in one-dimensional (1D) quantum fluids are expected to propagate almost without dissipation. Here we directly excite phonon modes in a weakly interacting 1D Bose gas and study their time evolution. In the linear response regime, damping is surprisingly fast and quantitatively follows the non-analytic scaling predicted by Andreev's hydrodynamic description. For stronger excitations, we observe a crossover to a highly nonlinear regime characterized by wave breaking, captured by the finite-temperature nonlinear Schrödinger evolution. Our results resolve a long-standing question on the fate of phonons in 1D Bose gases, and open new pathways to study non-linear relaxation in quantum many-body systems. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_13681 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Damping of phonons in one-dimensional quantum fluids Cataldini, Federica Bazhan, Nataliia Sabino, João Schüttelkopf, Philipp Tajik, Mohammadamin Møller, Frederik S. Ji, Si-Cong Erne, Sebastian Mazets, Igor Schmiedmayer, Jörg Quantum Gases Collective excitations in one-dimensional (1D) quantum fluids are expected to propagate almost without dissipation. Here we directly excite phonon modes in a weakly interacting 1D Bose gas and study their time evolution. In the linear response regime, damping is surprisingly fast and quantitatively follows the non-analytic scaling predicted by Andreev's hydrodynamic description. For stronger excitations, we observe a crossover to a highly nonlinear regime characterized by wave breaking, captured by the finite-temperature nonlinear Schrödinger evolution. Our results resolve a long-standing question on the fate of phonons in 1D Bose gases, and open new pathways to study non-linear relaxation in quantum many-body systems. |
| title | Damping of phonons in one-dimensional quantum fluids |
| topic | Quantum Gases |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.13681 |