CLASSY XIII. Cutting through the Clouds - Comparing Indirect Tracers of Ionizing Photon Escape

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Parker, Kaelee S., Berg, Danielle A., Chisholm, John, Gazagnes, Simon, Flury, Sophia R., Carr, Cody, Huberty, Mason, Jaskot, Anne E., Hayes, Matthew J., Saldana-Lopez, Alberto, Hernandez, Svea, Nanayakkara, Themiya, James, Bethan L., Arellano-Córdova, Karla Z., Strom, Allison, Senchyna, Peter, Mingozzi, Matilde, Heckman, Timothy, Xu, Xinfeng, Henry, Alaina, Amorín, Ricardo O., Mauerhofer, Valentin, Martin, Crystal L., Erb, Dawn K., Skillman, Evan D., Rubin, Kate H. R., Trevino, John, Leitherer, Claus
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866908665898860544
author Parker, Kaelee S.
Berg, Danielle A.
Chisholm, John
Gazagnes, Simon
Flury, Sophia R.
Carr, Cody
Huberty, Mason
Jaskot, Anne E.
Hayes, Matthew J.
Saldana-Lopez, Alberto
Hernandez, Svea
Nanayakkara, Themiya
James, Bethan L.
Arellano-Córdova, Karla Z.
Strom, Allison
Senchyna, Peter
Mingozzi, Matilde
Heckman, Timothy
Xu, Xinfeng
Henry, Alaina
Amorín, Ricardo O.
Mauerhofer, Valentin
Martin, Crystal L.
Erb, Dawn K.
Skillman, Evan D.
Rubin, Kate H. R.
Trevino, John
Leitherer, Claus
author_facet Parker, Kaelee S.
Berg, Danielle A.
Chisholm, John
Gazagnes, Simon
Flury, Sophia R.
Carr, Cody
Huberty, Mason
Jaskot, Anne E.
Hayes, Matthew J.
Saldana-Lopez, Alberto
Hernandez, Svea
Nanayakkara, Themiya
James, Bethan L.
Arellano-Córdova, Karla Z.
Strom, Allison
Senchyna, Peter
Mingozzi, Matilde
Heckman, Timothy
Xu, Xinfeng
Henry, Alaina
Amorín, Ricardo O.
Mauerhofer, Valentin
Martin, Crystal L.
Erb, Dawn K.
Skillman, Evan D.
Rubin, Kate H. R.
Trevino, John
Leitherer, Claus
contents The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) provides critical insights into the role of early galaxies in shaping the ionization state of the universe. However, because of the opacity of the intergalactic medium, it is often not possible to make direct measurements of the ionizing photon escape fraction ($f_{\mathrm{esc}}^{\: \mathrm{LyC}}$) of high-redshift ($z \gtrsim 4$) galaxies. To explore the agreement and systematics of common indirect approaches, we applied six empirically calibrated diagnostics to predict $f_{\mathrm{esc}}^{\: \mathrm{LyC}}$ for the 45 nearby star-forming galaxies from the COS Legacy Spectroscopic SurveY (CLASSY). These methods- based on ultraviolet (UV) absorption lines, the UV continuum slope, Ly$α$ kinematics, a multivariate model, radiation-hydrodynamic simulations, and nebular emission line ratios- enable us to explore systematic differences between predictions and assess how galactic properties influence inferred LyC escape. Despite significant variations in method predictions, there is broad consistency in the resulting weak and strong LyC leaker classifications, with approximately half exhibiting predicted escape fractions $>$1%. We find evidence for two different pathways of LyC escape in nearby star-forming galaxies: (1) an early escape model driven by very young stellar populations, and (2) a delayed escape model that is consistent with supernova-driven outflows and time-dependent ISM clearing. The early escape model is favored among galaxies with a single, intense burst of recent star formation. In contrast, the delayed escape model is common among galaxies with more extended starburst histories. To interpret ionizing photon escape during the EoR, it will be necessary to recognize and understand this diversity in LyC escape mechanisms.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_15869
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle CLASSY XIII. Cutting through the Clouds - Comparing Indirect Tracers of Ionizing Photon Escape
Parker, Kaelee S.
Berg, Danielle A.
Chisholm, John
Gazagnes, Simon
Flury, Sophia R.
Carr, Cody
Huberty, Mason
Jaskot, Anne E.
Hayes, Matthew J.
Saldana-Lopez, Alberto
Hernandez, Svea
Nanayakkara, Themiya
James, Bethan L.
Arellano-Córdova, Karla Z.
Strom, Allison
Senchyna, Peter
Mingozzi, Matilde
Heckman, Timothy
Xu, Xinfeng
Henry, Alaina
Amorín, Ricardo O.
Mauerhofer, Valentin
Martin, Crystal L.
Erb, Dawn K.
Skillman, Evan D.
Rubin, Kate H. R.
Trevino, John
Leitherer, Claus
Astrophysics of Galaxies
The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) provides critical insights into the role of early galaxies in shaping the ionization state of the universe. However, because of the opacity of the intergalactic medium, it is often not possible to make direct measurements of the ionizing photon escape fraction ($f_{\mathrm{esc}}^{\: \mathrm{LyC}}$) of high-redshift ($z \gtrsim 4$) galaxies. To explore the agreement and systematics of common indirect approaches, we applied six empirically calibrated diagnostics to predict $f_{\mathrm{esc}}^{\: \mathrm{LyC}}$ for the 45 nearby star-forming galaxies from the COS Legacy Spectroscopic SurveY (CLASSY). These methods- based on ultraviolet (UV) absorption lines, the UV continuum slope, Ly$α$ kinematics, a multivariate model, radiation-hydrodynamic simulations, and nebular emission line ratios- enable us to explore systematic differences between predictions and assess how galactic properties influence inferred LyC escape. Despite significant variations in method predictions, there is broad consistency in the resulting weak and strong LyC leaker classifications, with approximately half exhibiting predicted escape fractions $>$1%. We find evidence for two different pathways of LyC escape in nearby star-forming galaxies: (1) an early escape model driven by very young stellar populations, and (2) a delayed escape model that is consistent with supernova-driven outflows and time-dependent ISM clearing. The early escape model is favored among galaxies with a single, intense burst of recent star formation. In contrast, the delayed escape model is common among galaxies with more extended starburst histories. To interpret ionizing photon escape during the EoR, it will be necessary to recognize and understand this diversity in LyC escape mechanisms.
title CLASSY XIII. Cutting through the Clouds - Comparing Indirect Tracers of Ionizing Photon Escape
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.15869