Zero-temperature dynamics of the spherical model with non-reciprocal interactions
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arXiv
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| Hauptverfasser: | , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866910090816126976 |
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| author | Stariolo, Daniel A. Metz, Fernando L. |
| author_facet | Stariolo, Daniel A. Metz, Fernando L. |
| contents | We analytically solve the zero-temperature dynamics of the spherical model with non-reciprocal random interactions drawn from the real elliptic ensemble of random matrices, where a single parameter $η$ continuously interpolates between purely symmetric ($η=1$) and purely antisymmetric ($η=-1$) couplings. We show that the two-time correlation and response functions depend on both times in the presence of non-reciprocal interactions, reflecting the breakdown of time-translation invariance and the absence of equilibrium at long times. Nevertheless, the long-time relaxation of the two-time observables is governed by exponential decays, in contrast to the slow, power-law relaxation characteristic of the model with purely symmetric interactions. We further show that, when the interactions present antisymmetric correlations of strength $η<0$, there is a time scale $τ(η)$ above which the dynamics undergoes a transition to an oscillatory regime where the two-time observables display periodic oscillations with an exponentially decaying amplitude. Overall, our results give a detailed account of the dynamics of the spherical model with non-reciprocal interactions at zero temperature, providing a benchmark for the study of complex systems with nonlinear and asymmetric interactions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_16836 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Zero-temperature dynamics of the spherical model with non-reciprocal interactions Stariolo, Daniel A. Metz, Fernando L. Statistical Mechanics Disordered Systems and Neural Networks We analytically solve the zero-temperature dynamics of the spherical model with non-reciprocal random interactions drawn from the real elliptic ensemble of random matrices, where a single parameter $η$ continuously interpolates between purely symmetric ($η=1$) and purely antisymmetric ($η=-1$) couplings. We show that the two-time correlation and response functions depend on both times in the presence of non-reciprocal interactions, reflecting the breakdown of time-translation invariance and the absence of equilibrium at long times. Nevertheless, the long-time relaxation of the two-time observables is governed by exponential decays, in contrast to the slow, power-law relaxation characteristic of the model with purely symmetric interactions. We further show that, when the interactions present antisymmetric correlations of strength $η<0$, there is a time scale $τ(η)$ above which the dynamics undergoes a transition to an oscillatory regime where the two-time observables display periodic oscillations with an exponentially decaying amplitude. Overall, our results give a detailed account of the dynamics of the spherical model with non-reciprocal interactions at zero temperature, providing a benchmark for the study of complex systems with nonlinear and asymmetric interactions. |
| title | Zero-temperature dynamics of the spherical model with non-reciprocal interactions |
| topic | Statistical Mechanics Disordered Systems and Neural Networks |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.16836 |