Gradient-Driven Natural Selection for Compact 3D Gaussian Splatting
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866917096598798336 |
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| author | Deng, Xiaobin Yu, Qiuli Diao, Changyu Li, Min Xu, Duanqing |
| author_facet | Deng, Xiaobin Yu, Qiuli Diao, Changyu Li, Min Xu, Duanqing |
| contents | 3DGS employs a large number of Gaussian primitives to fit scenes, resulting in substantial storage and computational overhead. Existing pruning methods rely on manually designed criteria or introduce additional learnable parameters, yielding suboptimal results. To address this, we propose an natural selection inspired pruning framework that models survival pressure as a regularization gradient field applied to opacity, allowing the optimization gradients--driven by the goal of maximizing rendering quality--to autonomously determine which Gaussians to retain or prune. This process is fully learnable and requires no human intervention. We further introduce an opacity decay technique with a finite opacity prior, which accelerates the selection process without compromising pruning effectiveness. Compared to 3DGS, our method achieves over 0.6 dB PSNR gain under 15\% budgets, establishing state-of-the-art performance for compact 3DGS. Project page https://xiaobin2001.github.io/GNS-web. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_16980 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Gradient-Driven Natural Selection for Compact 3D Gaussian Splatting Deng, Xiaobin Yu, Qiuli Diao, Changyu Li, Min Xu, Duanqing Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 3DGS employs a large number of Gaussian primitives to fit scenes, resulting in substantial storage and computational overhead. Existing pruning methods rely on manually designed criteria or introduce additional learnable parameters, yielding suboptimal results. To address this, we propose an natural selection inspired pruning framework that models survival pressure as a regularization gradient field applied to opacity, allowing the optimization gradients--driven by the goal of maximizing rendering quality--to autonomously determine which Gaussians to retain or prune. This process is fully learnable and requires no human intervention. We further introduce an opacity decay technique with a finite opacity prior, which accelerates the selection process without compromising pruning effectiveness. Compared to 3DGS, our method achieves over 0.6 dB PSNR gain under 15\% budgets, establishing state-of-the-art performance for compact 3DGS. Project page https://xiaobin2001.github.io/GNS-web. |
| title | Gradient-Driven Natural Selection for Compact 3D Gaussian Splatting |
| topic | Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.16980 |