Verifying the failing supernova constraint on dark photons with two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations

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Main Authors: Mori, Kanji, Takiwaki, Tomoya, Kohri, Kazunori
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Mori, Kanji
Takiwaki, Tomoya
Kohri, Kazunori
author_facet Mori, Kanji
Takiwaki, Tomoya
Kohri, Kazunori
contents Recent studies on the dark photon (DP) production in collapsing stars argue that the cooling effect induced by DPs can hinder supernova explosions and lead to a ``failing supernova" constraint on the photon-DP mixing parameter $ε$. In order to verify the idea, we perform two-dimensional neutrino-radiation hydrodynamic simulations coupled with the DP production with the masses of 0.3 and 0.45\,MeV. We find that the shock revival does not happen until the end of the simulations when $ε\gtrsim3\times10^{-9}$. The photon-DP mixing parameter above this value can be excluded by the failing supernova argument. Interestingly, our constraint roughly coincides with the one reported by the previous studies which adopted the post-processing framework. This result motivates one to investigate a wider parameter range of DPs with self-consistent simulations and evaluate uncertainties in the constraint.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_18122
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Verifying the failing supernova constraint on dark photons with two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations
Mori, Kanji
Takiwaki, Tomoya
Kohri, Kazunori
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Recent studies on the dark photon (DP) production in collapsing stars argue that the cooling effect induced by DPs can hinder supernova explosions and lead to a ``failing supernova" constraint on the photon-DP mixing parameter $ε$. In order to verify the idea, we perform two-dimensional neutrino-radiation hydrodynamic simulations coupled with the DP production with the masses of 0.3 and 0.45\,MeV. We find that the shock revival does not happen until the end of the simulations when $ε\gtrsim3\times10^{-9}$. The photon-DP mixing parameter above this value can be excluded by the failing supernova argument. Interestingly, our constraint roughly coincides with the one reported by the previous studies which adopted the post-processing framework. This result motivates one to investigate a wider parameter range of DPs with self-consistent simulations and evaluate uncertainties in the constraint.
title Verifying the failing supernova constraint on dark photons with two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations
topic High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.18122