A pipeline for matching bibliographic references with incomplete metadata: experiments with Crossref and OpenCitations

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Guenci, Matteo, Heibi, Ivan, Parravicini, Chiara, Peroni, Silvio, Soricetti, Marta
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Guenci, Matteo
Heibi, Ivan
Parravicini, Chiara
Peroni, Silvio
Soricetti, Marta
author_facet Guenci, Matteo
Heibi, Ivan
Parravicini, Chiara
Peroni, Silvio
Soricetti, Marta
contents While Crossref makes available more than 1.8 billion bibliographic references from publications for which it provides a DOI, more than 698 million of these references do not specify a DOI, making the creation of a formal citation link from the citing entity and the cited entity problematic. In this article, we propose an analysis of Crossref bibliographic references to show how we can use the unstructured text defining such references and the available (and partial) metadata specified in them to (a) map them to existing entities included in OpenCitations Meta and, then, (b) to enable the potential inclusion of additional and valid citations link among these entities. We have defined a precise methodology to address the analysis and run it against a manually defined Gold Standard and a subset of Crossref. While the heuristic-based tool developed has demonstrated strong matching precision and effective metadata integration, its recall limitations highlight the necessity of further enhancements to address metadata inconsistencies and leverage additional sources of citation data.
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publishDate 2025
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spellingShingle A pipeline for matching bibliographic references with incomplete metadata: experiments with Crossref and OpenCitations
Guenci, Matteo
Heibi, Ivan
Parravicini, Chiara
Peroni, Silvio
Soricetti, Marta
Digital Libraries
While Crossref makes available more than 1.8 billion bibliographic references from publications for which it provides a DOI, more than 698 million of these references do not specify a DOI, making the creation of a formal citation link from the citing entity and the cited entity problematic. In this article, we propose an analysis of Crossref bibliographic references to show how we can use the unstructured text defining such references and the available (and partial) metadata specified in them to (a) map them to existing entities included in OpenCitations Meta and, then, (b) to enable the potential inclusion of additional and valid citations link among these entities. We have defined a precise methodology to address the analysis and run it against a manually defined Gold Standard and a subset of Crossref. While the heuristic-based tool developed has demonstrated strong matching precision and effective metadata integration, its recall limitations highlight the necessity of further enhancements to address metadata inconsistencies and leverage additional sources of citation data.
title A pipeline for matching bibliographic references with incomplete metadata: experiments with Crossref and OpenCitations
topic Digital Libraries
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.18408