SloMo-Fast: Slow-Momentum and Fast-Adaptive Teachers for Source-Free Continual Test-Time Adaptation

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Iftee, Md Akil Raihan, Hossain, Mir Sazzat, Rajib, Rakibul Hasan, Iqbal, Tariq, Islam, Md Mofijul, Amin, M Ashraful, Ali, Amin Ahsan, Rahman, AKM Mahbubur
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Iftee, Md Akil Raihan
Hossain, Mir Sazzat
Rajib, Rakibul Hasan
Iqbal, Tariq
Islam, Md Mofijul
Amin, M Ashraful
Ali, Amin Ahsan
Rahman, AKM Mahbubur
author_facet Iftee, Md Akil Raihan
Hossain, Mir Sazzat
Rajib, Rakibul Hasan
Iqbal, Tariq
Islam, Md Mofijul
Amin, M Ashraful
Ali, Amin Ahsan
Rahman, AKM Mahbubur
contents Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) is crucial for deploying models in real-world applications with unseen, evolving target domains. Existing CTTA methods, however, often rely on source data or prototypes, limiting their applicability in privacy-sensitive and resource-constrained settings. Additionally, these methods suffer from long-term forgetting, which degrades performance on previously encountered domains as target domains shift. To address these challenges, we propose SloMo-Fast, a source-free, dual-teacher CTTA framework designed for enhanced adaptability and generalization. It includes two complementary teachers: the Slow-Teacher, which exhibits slow forgetting and retains long-term knowledge of previously encountered domains to ensure robust generalization, and the Fast-Teacher rapidly adapts to new domains while accumulating and integrating knowledge across them. This framework preserves knowledge of past domains and adapts efficiently to new ones. We also introduce Cyclic Test-Time Adaptation (Cyclic-TTA), a novel CTTA benchmark that simulates recurring domain shifts. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that SloMo-Fast consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods across Cyclic-TTA, as well as ten other CTTA settings, highlighting its ability to both adapt and generalize across evolving and revisited domains.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_18468
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle SloMo-Fast: Slow-Momentum and Fast-Adaptive Teachers for Source-Free Continual Test-Time Adaptation
Iftee, Md Akil Raihan
Hossain, Mir Sazzat
Rajib, Rakibul Hasan
Iqbal, Tariq
Islam, Md Mofijul
Amin, M Ashraful
Ali, Amin Ahsan
Rahman, AKM Mahbubur
Machine Learning
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) is crucial for deploying models in real-world applications with unseen, evolving target domains. Existing CTTA methods, however, often rely on source data or prototypes, limiting their applicability in privacy-sensitive and resource-constrained settings. Additionally, these methods suffer from long-term forgetting, which degrades performance on previously encountered domains as target domains shift. To address these challenges, we propose SloMo-Fast, a source-free, dual-teacher CTTA framework designed for enhanced adaptability and generalization. It includes two complementary teachers: the Slow-Teacher, which exhibits slow forgetting and retains long-term knowledge of previously encountered domains to ensure robust generalization, and the Fast-Teacher rapidly adapts to new domains while accumulating and integrating knowledge across them. This framework preserves knowledge of past domains and adapts efficiently to new ones. We also introduce Cyclic Test-Time Adaptation (Cyclic-TTA), a novel CTTA benchmark that simulates recurring domain shifts. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that SloMo-Fast consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods across Cyclic-TTA, as well as ten other CTTA settings, highlighting its ability to both adapt and generalize across evolving and revisited domains.
title SloMo-Fast: Slow-Momentum and Fast-Adaptive Teachers for Source-Free Continual Test-Time Adaptation
topic Machine Learning
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.18468