Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Agarwal, Kshitij, Jahan, Johannes, Kardan, Behruz, Pang, Peter T. H., Reichert, Tom, Semposki, Alexandra C.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.20378
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866914170844217344
author Agarwal, Kshitij
Jahan, Johannes
Kardan, Behruz
Pang, Peter T. H.
Reichert, Tom
Semposki, Alexandra C.
author_facet Agarwal, Kshitij
Jahan, Johannes
Kardan, Behruz
Pang, Peter T. H.
Reichert, Tom
Semposki, Alexandra C.
contents Efforts to understand the equation of state (EOS) of dense nuclear matter at supra-saturation densities have grown more sophisticated over the past decade, driven by a surge in high-precision data from both terrestrial experiments and astrophysical observations. While for the former, heavy-ion collisions (HIC) represent a unique opportunity to constraint the EOS in a controlled laboratory setting, the latter can be precisely probed thanks to the advent of multi-messenger astronomy (MMA). However, as we move away from our understanding drawn from individual sources and limited statistics to the era of precision physics with improved datasets, the need for a systematic way to combine them becomes clear. In this article, we trace the individual methods for extracting the EOS both for HIC and MMA. We then review the current state-of-the-art efforts to combine these individual information sources from Bayesian multi-source analysis, e.g., the Nuclear Physics and Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (NMMA) and Bayesian Analysis of Nuclear Dynamics (BAND) frameworks, and fully integrated EOS frameworks, i.e., the Modular Unified Solver for the Equation of State (MUSES) calculation engine. We highlight the scientific advances made possible by each step and outline the remaining challenges that must be addressed to build a coherent, predictive picture of dense nuclear matter across all relevant regimes.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_20378
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Toward a Unified Understanding of the Dense Matter Equation of State
Agarwal, Kshitij
Jahan, Johannes
Kardan, Behruz
Pang, Peter T. H.
Reichert, Tom
Semposki, Alexandra C.
Nuclear Theory
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Nuclear Experiment
Efforts to understand the equation of state (EOS) of dense nuclear matter at supra-saturation densities have grown more sophisticated over the past decade, driven by a surge in high-precision data from both terrestrial experiments and astrophysical observations. While for the former, heavy-ion collisions (HIC) represent a unique opportunity to constraint the EOS in a controlled laboratory setting, the latter can be precisely probed thanks to the advent of multi-messenger astronomy (MMA). However, as we move away from our understanding drawn from individual sources and limited statistics to the era of precision physics with improved datasets, the need for a systematic way to combine them becomes clear. In this article, we trace the individual methods for extracting the EOS both for HIC and MMA. We then review the current state-of-the-art efforts to combine these individual information sources from Bayesian multi-source analysis, e.g., the Nuclear Physics and Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (NMMA) and Bayesian Analysis of Nuclear Dynamics (BAND) frameworks, and fully integrated EOS frameworks, i.e., the Modular Unified Solver for the Equation of State (MUSES) calculation engine. We highlight the scientific advances made possible by each step and outline the remaining challenges that must be addressed to build a coherent, predictive picture of dense nuclear matter across all relevant regimes.
title Toward a Unified Understanding of the Dense Matter Equation of State
topic Nuclear Theory
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Nuclear Experiment
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.20378